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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toβardoš |
| Genitive: | toβardošə̑n |
| Dative: | toβardošlan |
| Accusative: | toβardošə̑m |
| Comparative: | toβardošla |
| Comitative: | toβardošge |
| Inessive: | toβardošto, toβardošə̑što |
| Illative: | toβardoško, toβardošə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | toβardošeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toβardošem |
| 2SG: | toβardošet |
| 3SG: | toβardoššo, toβardošə̑ž(o) |
| 1PL: | toβardošna |
| 2PL: | toβardošda |
| 3PL: | toβardošə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toβardoš-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toβardoš-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | toβardošla |
| Sociative Plural: | toβardošmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toβardošem | toβardoš-βlak | toβardoš-βlakem, toβardošem-βlak |
| Genitive: | toβardošemə̑n | toβardoš-βlakə̑n | toβardoš-βlakemə̑n, toβardošem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | toβardošemlan, toβardošlanem | toβardoš-βlaklan | toβardoš-βlakemlan, toβardošem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toβardošemə̑m | toβardoš-βlakə̑m | toβardoš-βlakemə̑m, toβardošem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | toβardošemla, toβardošlam | toβardoš-βlakla | toβardoš-βlakemla, toβardošem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toβardošemge | toβardoš-βlakge | toβardoš-βlakemge, toβardošem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toβardoštem, toβardošə̑štem | toβardoš-βlakə̑šte | toβardoš-βlakə̑štem, toβardošem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | toβardoškem, toβardošə̑škem | toβardoš-βlakə̑š(ke) | toβardoš-βlakə̑škem, toβardošem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toβardošešem | toβardoš-βlakeš | toβardoš-βlakešem, toβardošem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||