Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβart͡ɕem | om toβart͡ɕe |
| 2SG: | toβart͡ɕet | ot toβart͡ɕe |
| 3SG: | toβart͡ɕa | ok/ogeʃ toβart͡ɕe |
| 1PL: | toβart͡ɕena | ona/ogəna toβart͡ɕe |
| 2PL: | toβart͡ɕeda | oda/ogəda toβart͡ɕe |
| 3PL: | toβart͡ɕat | ogət toβart͡ɕe |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβart͡ɕəʃəm | ʃəm toβart͡ɕe |
| 2SG: | toβart͡ɕəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ toβart͡ɕe |
| 3SG: | toβart͡ɕəʃ | əʃ toβart͡ɕe |
| 1PL: | toβart͡ɕəʃna | əʃna toβart͡ɕe |
| 2PL: | toβart͡ɕəʃda | əʃda toβart͡ɕe |
| 3PL: | toβart͡ɕəʃt | əʃt toβart͡ɕe |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβart͡ɕenam | toβart͡ɕen oməl |
| 2SG: | toβart͡ɕenat | toβart͡ɕen otəl |
| 3SG: | toβart͡ɕen | toβart͡ɕen ogəl |
| 1PL: | toβart͡ɕenːa | toβart͡ɕen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | toβart͡ɕenda | toβart͡ɕen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | toβart͡ɕenət | toβart͡ɕen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβart͡ɕem əʎe | om toβart͡ɕe əʎe |
| 2SG: | toβart͡ɕet əʎe | ot toβart͡ɕe əʎe |
| 3SG: | toβart͡ɕa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ toβart͡ɕe əʎe |
| 1PL: | toβart͡ɕena əʎe | ona/ogəna toβart͡ɕe əʎe |
| 2PL: | toβart͡ɕeda əʎe | oda/ogəda toβart͡ɕe əʎe |
| 3PL: | toβart͡ɕat əʎe | ogət toβart͡ɕe əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβart͡ɕem ulmaʃ | om toβart͡ɕe ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | toβart͡ɕet ulmaʃ | ot toβart͡ɕe ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toβart͡ɕa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ toβart͡ɕe ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | toβart͡ɕena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna toβart͡ɕe ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | toβart͡ɕeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda toβart͡ɕe ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toβart͡ɕat ulmaʃ | ogət toβart͡ɕe ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβart͡ɕenam əʎe | toβart͡ɕen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | toβart͡ɕenat əʎe | toβart͡ɕen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | toβart͡ɕen əʎe | toβart͡ɕen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | toβart͡ɕenːa əʎe | toβart͡ɕen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | toβart͡ɕenda əʎe | toβart͡ɕen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | toβart͡ɕen əʎe | toβart͡ɕen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβart͡ɕenam ulmaʃ | toβart͡ɕen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | toβart͡ɕenat ulmaʃ | toβart͡ɕen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toβart͡ɕen ulmaʃ | toβart͡ɕen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | toβart͡ɕenːa ulmaʃ | toβart͡ɕen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | toβart͡ɕenda ulmaʃ | toβart͡ɕen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toβart͡ɕen ulmaʃ | toβart͡ɕen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toβart͡ɕe | it toβart͡ɕe |
| 3SG: | toβart͡ɕəʒe | ənʒe toβart͡ɕe |
| 1PL: | (toβart͡ɕena) | (ona/ogəna toβart͡ɕe) |
| 2PL: | toβart͡ɕəza | ida toβart͡ɕe |
| 3PL: | toβart͡ɕəʃt | ənəʃt toβart͡ɕe |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβart͡ɕənem | ənem toβart͡ɕe |
| 2SG: | toβart͡ɕənet | ənet toβart͡ɕe |
| 3SG: | toβart͡ɕəneʒe | əneʒ toβart͡ɕe |
| 1PL: | toβart͡ɕənena | ənena toβart͡ɕe |
| 2PL: | toβart͡ɕəneda | əneda toβart͡ɕe |
| 3PL: | toβart͡ɕəneʃt | əneʃt toβart͡ɕe |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβart͡ɕənem əʎe | ənem toβart͡ɕe əʎe |
| 2SG: | toβart͡ɕənena əʎe | ənet toβart͡ɕe əʎe |
| 3SG: | toβart͡ɕəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ toβart͡ɕe əʎe |
| 1PL: | toβart͡ɕənena əʎe | ənena toβart͡ɕe əʎe |
| 2PL: | toβart͡ɕəneda əʎe | əneda toβart͡ɕe əʎe |
| 3PL: | toβart͡ɕəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt toβart͡ɕe əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toβart͡ɕənet ulmaʃ | ənet toβart͡ɕe ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toβart͡ɕəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ toβart͡ɕe ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | toβart͡ɕəneda ulmaʃ | əneda toβart͡ɕe ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toβart͡ɕəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt toβart͡ɕe ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | toβart͡ɕaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | toβart͡ɕəman |
| Active participle: | toβart͡ɕəʃe |
| Passive participle: | toβart͡ɕəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | toβart͡ɕəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | toβart͡ɕədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | toβart͡ɕen |
| Negative gerund: | toβart͡ɕəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | toβart͡ɕəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | toβart͡ɕəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | toβart͡ɕəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | toβart͡ɕəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | toβart͡ɕədəmaʃ |
