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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | toβa |
| Genitive: | toβan |
| Dative: | toβalan |
| Accusative: | toβam |
| Comparative: | toβala |
| Comitative: | toβage |
| Inessive: | toβašte |
| Illative: | toβaš(ke) |
| Lative: | toβaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toβam |
| 2SG: | toβat |
| 3SG: | toβaž(e) |
| 1PL: | toβana |
| 2PL: | toβada |
| 3PL: | toβašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | toβa-βlak |
| Plural (2): | toβa-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | toβala |
| Sociative Plural: | toβamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toβam | toβa-βlak | toβa-βlakem, toβam-βlak |
| Genitive: | toβamə̑n | toβa-βlakə̑n | toβa-βlakemə̑n, toβam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | toβamlan, toβalanem | toβa-βlaklan | toβa-βlakemlan, toβam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toβamə̑m | toβa-βlakə̑m | toβa-βlakemə̑m, toβam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | toβamla, toβalam | toβa-βlakla | toβa-βlakemla, toβam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toβamge | toβa-βlakge | toβa-βlakemge, toβam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toβaštem | toβa-βlakə̑šte | toβa-βlakə̑štem, toβam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | toβaškem | toβa-βlakə̑š(ke) | toβa-βlakə̑škem, toβam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toβašem | toβa-βlakeš | toβa-βlakešem, toβam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||