Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβam | om toβa |
| 2SG: | toβat | ot toβa |
| 3SG: | toβaš | ok/ogeš toβa |
| 1PL: | toβaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na toβa |
| 2PL: | toβaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da toβa |
| 3PL: | toβaə̑t | ogə̑t toβa |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβaə̑m | šə̑m toβa |
| 2SG: | toβaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ toβa |
| 3SG: | toβaje | ə̑š toβa |
| 1PL: | toβana | ə̑šna toβa |
| 2PL: | toβada | ə̑šda toβa |
| 3PL: | toβaə̑č́ | ə̑št toβa |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβaə̑nam | toβaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | toβaə̑nat | toβaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | toβaə̑n | toβaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | toβaə̑nna | toβaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | toβaə̑nda | toβaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | toβaə̑nə̑t | toβaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβam ə̑l'e | om toβa ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toβat ə̑l'e | ot toβa ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toβaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš toβa ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toβaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na toβa ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toβaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da toβa ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toβaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t toβa ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβam ulmaš | om toβa ulmaš |
| 2SG: | toβat ulmaš | ot toβa ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toβaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš toβa ulmaš |
| 1PL: | toβaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na toβa ulmaš |
| 2PL: | toβaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da toβa ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toβaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t toβa ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβaə̑nam ə̑l'e | toβaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toβaə̑nat ə̑l'e | toβaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toβaə̑n ə̑l'e | toβaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toβaə̑nna ə̑l'e | toβaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toβaə̑nda ə̑l'e | toβaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toβaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | toβaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβaə̑nam ulmaš | toβaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | toβaə̑nat ulmaš | toβaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toβaə̑n ulmaš | toβaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | toβaə̑nna ulmaš | toβaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | toβaə̑nda ulmaš | toβaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toβaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | toβaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toβa | it toβa |
| 3SG: | toβaže | ə̑nže toβa |
| 1PL: | (toβaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na toβa) |
| 2PL: | toβaza | ida toβa |
| 3PL: | toβašt | ə̑nə̑št toβa |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβanem | ə̑nem toβa |
| 2SG: | toβanet | ə̑net toβa |
| 3SG: | toβaneže | ə̑než toβa |
| 1PL: | toβanena | ə̑nena toβa |
| 2PL: | toβaneda | ə̑neda toβa |
| 3PL: | toβanešt | ə̑nešt toβa |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toβanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem toβa ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toβanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net toβa ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toβaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než toβa ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toβanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena toβa ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toβaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda toβa ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toβanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt toβa ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toβanet ulmaš | ə̑net toβa ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toβaneže ulmaš | ə̑než toβa ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | toβaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda toβa ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toβanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt toβa ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | toβaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | toβaman |
| Active participle: | toβaše |
| Passive participle: | toβame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | toβašaš |
| Negative participle: | toβadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | toβaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | toβade |
| Gerund of prior action: | toβamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | toβameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | toβašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | toβamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | toβadə̑maš |
