Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toktaludem | om toktaludo |
| 2SG: | toktaludet | ot toktaludo |
| 3SG: | toktaluda | ok/ogeš toktaludo |
| 1PL: | toktaludena | ona/ogə̑na toktaludo |
| 2PL: | toktaludeda | oda/ogə̑da toktaludo |
| 3PL: | toktaludat | ogə̑t toktaludo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toktaludə̑šə̑m | šə̑m toktaludo |
| 2SG: | toktaludə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ toktaludo |
| 3SG: | toktaludə̑š | ə̑š toktaludo |
| 1PL: | toktaludə̑šna | ə̑šna toktaludo |
| 2PL: | toktaludə̑šda | ə̑šda toktaludo |
| 3PL: | toktaludə̑št | ə̑št toktaludo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toktaludenam | toktaluden omə̑l |
| 2SG: | toktaludenat | toktaluden otə̑l |
| 3SG: | toktaluden | toktaluden ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | toktaludenna | toktaluden onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | toktaludenda | toktaluden odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | toktaludenə̑t | toktaluden ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toktaludem ə̑l'e | om toktaludo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toktaludet ə̑l'e | ot toktaludo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toktaluda ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš toktaludo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toktaludena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na toktaludo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toktaludeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da toktaludo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toktaludat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t toktaludo ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toktaludem ulmaš | om toktaludo ulmaš |
| 2SG: | toktaludet ulmaš | ot toktaludo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toktaluda ulmaš | ok/ogeš toktaludo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | toktaludena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na toktaludo ulmaš |
| 2PL: | toktaludeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da toktaludo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toktaludat ulmaš | ogə̑t toktaludo ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toktaludenam ə̑l'e | toktaluden omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toktaludenat ə̑l'e | toktaluden otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toktaluden ə̑l'e | toktaluden ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toktaludenna ə̑l'e | toktaluden onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toktaludenda ə̑l'e | toktaluden odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toktaluden ə̑l'e | toktaluden ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toktaludenam ulmaš | toktaluden omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | toktaludenat ulmaš | toktaluden otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toktaluden ulmaš | toktaluden ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | toktaludenna ulmaš | toktaluden onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | toktaludenda ulmaš | toktaluden odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toktaluden ulmaš | toktaluden ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toktaludo | it toktaludo |
| 3SG: | toktaludə̑žo | ə̑nže toktaludo |
| 1PL: | (toktaludena) | (ona/ogə̑na toktaludo) |
| 2PL: | toktaludə̑za | ida toktaludo |
| 3PL: | toktaludə̑št | ə̑nə̑št toktaludo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toktaludə̑nem | ə̑nem toktaludo |
| 2SG: | toktaludə̑net | ə̑net toktaludo |
| 3SG: | toktaludə̑neže | ə̑než toktaludo |
| 1PL: | toktaludə̑nena | ə̑nena toktaludo |
| 2PL: | toktaludə̑neda | ə̑neda toktaludo |
| 3PL: | toktaludə̑nešt | ə̑nešt toktaludo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toktaludə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem toktaludo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toktaludə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net toktaludo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toktaludə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než toktaludo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toktaludə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena toktaludo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toktaludə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda toktaludo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toktaludə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt toktaludo ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toktaludə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net toktaludo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toktaludə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než toktaludo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | toktaludə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda toktaludo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toktaludə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt toktaludo ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | toktaludaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | toktaludə̑man |
| Active participle: | toktaludə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | toktaludə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | toktaludə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | toktaludə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | toktaluden |
| Negative gerund: | toktaludə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | toktaludə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | toktaludə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | toktaludə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | toktaludə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | toktaludə̑də̑maš |
