Paradigm Generator
Тиде материал нерген кызыт англичан йылме дене веле лудаш лиеш. Марий ден руш версий ямдылалтеш да вашке савыкталтшаш.
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toraʃ(ke)am | om toraʃ(ke) |
| 2SG: | toraʃ(ke)at | ot toraʃ(ke) |
| 3SG: | toraʃ(ke)jeʃ | ok/ogeʃ toraʃ(ke) |
| 1PL: | toraʃ(ke)əna | ona/ogəna toraʃ(ke) |
| 2PL: | toraʃ(ke)əda | oda/ogəda toraʃ(ke) |
| 3PL: | toraʃ(ke)ət | ogət toraʃ(ke) |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toraʃ(ke)əm | ʃəm toraʃ(ke) |
| 2SG: | toraʃ(ke)ət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ toraʃ(ke) |
| 3SG: | toraʃ(ke)je | əʃ toraʃ(ke) |
| 1PL: | toraʃ(ke)na | əʃna toraʃ(ke) |
| 2PL: | toraʃ(ke)da | əʃda toraʃ(ke) |
| 3PL: | toraʃ(ke)ət͡ɕ | əʃt toraʃ(ke) |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toraʃ(ke)ənam | toraʃ(ke)ən oməl |
| 2SG: | toraʃ(ke)ənat | toraʃ(ke)ən otəl |
| 3SG: | toraʃ(ke)ən | toraʃ(ke)ən ogəl |
| 1PL: | toraʃ(ke)ənːa | toraʃ(ke)ən onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | toraʃ(ke)ənda | toraʃ(ke)ən odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | toraʃ(ke)ənət | toraʃ(ke)ən ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toraʃ(ke)am əʎe | om toraʃ(ke) əʎe |
| 2SG: | toraʃ(ke)at əʎe | ot toraʃ(ke) əʎe |
| 3SG: | toraʃ(ke)jeʃ əʎe | ok/ogeʃ toraʃ(ke) əʎe |
| 1PL: | toraʃ(ke)əna əʎe | ona/ogəna toraʃ(ke) əʎe |
| 2PL: | toraʃ(ke)əda əʎe | oda/ogəda toraʃ(ke) əʎe |
| 3PL: | toraʃ(ke)ət əʎe | ogət toraʃ(ke) əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toraʃ(ke)am ulmaʃ | om toraʃ(ke) ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | toraʃ(ke)at ulmaʃ | ot toraʃ(ke) ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toraʃ(ke)jeʃ ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ toraʃ(ke) ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | toraʃ(ke)əna ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna toraʃ(ke) ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | toraʃ(ke)əda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda toraʃ(ke) ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toraʃ(ke)ət ulmaʃ | ogət toraʃ(ke) ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toraʃ(ke)ənam əʎe | toraʃ(ke)ən oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | toraʃ(ke)ənat əʎe | toraʃ(ke)ən otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | toraʃ(ke)ən əʎe | toraʃ(ke)ən ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | toraʃ(ke)ənːa əʎe | toraʃ(ke)ən onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | toraʃ(ke)ənda əʎe | toraʃ(ke)ən odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | toraʃ(ke)ənət əʎe | toraʃ(ke)ən ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toraʃ(ke)ənam ulmaʃ | toraʃ(ke)ən oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | toraʃ(ke)ənat ulmaʃ | toraʃ(ke)ən otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toraʃ(ke)ən ulmaʃ | toraʃ(ke)ən ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | toraʃ(ke)ənːa ulmaʃ | toraʃ(ke)ən onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | toraʃ(ke)ənda ulmaʃ | toraʃ(ke)ən odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toraʃ(ke)ənət ulmaʃ | toraʃ(ke)ən ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toraʃ(ke) | it toraʃ(ke) |
| 3SG: | toraʃ(ke)ʒe | ənʒe toraʃ(ke) |
| 1PL: | (toraʃ(ke)əna) | (ona/ogəna toraʃ(ke)) |
| 2PL: | toraʃ(ke)za | ida toraʃ(ke) |
| 3PL: | toraʃ(ke)əʃt | ənəʃt toraʃ(ke) |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toraʃ(ke)nem | ənem toraʃ(ke) |
| 2SG: | toraʃ(ke)net | ənet toraʃ(ke) |
| 3SG: | toraʃ(ke)neʒe | əneʒ toraʃ(ke) |
| 1PL: | toraʃ(ke)nena | ənena toraʃ(ke) |
| 2PL: | toraʃ(ke)neda | əneda toraʃ(ke) |
| 3PL: | toraʃ(ke)neʃt | əneʃt toraʃ(ke) |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toraʃ(ke)nem əʎe | ənem toraʃ(ke) əʎe |
| 2SG: | toraʃ(ke)nena əʎe | ənet toraʃ(ke) əʎe |
| 3SG: | toraʃ(ke)neʒe əʎe | əneʒ toraʃ(ke) əʎe |
| 1PL: | toraʃ(ke)nena əʎe | ənena toraʃ(ke) əʎe |
| 2PL: | toraʃ(ke)neda əʎe | əneda toraʃ(ke) əʎe |
| 3PL: | toraʃ(ke)neʃt əʎe | əneʃt toraʃ(ke) əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toraʃ(ke)net ulmaʃ | ənet toraʃ(ke) ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | toraʃ(ke)neʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ toraʃ(ke) ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | toraʃ(ke)neda ulmaʃ | əneda toraʃ(ke) ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | toraʃ(ke)neʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt toraʃ(ke) ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | toraʃ(ke)aʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | toraʃ(ke)man |
| Active participle: | toraʃ(ke)ʃe |
| Passive participle: | toraʃ(ke)me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | toraʃ(ke)ʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | toraʃ(ke)dəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | toraʃ(ke)ən |
| Negative gerund: | toraʃ(ke)de |
| Gerund of prior action: | toraʃ(ke)mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | toraʃ(ke)meʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | toraʃ(ke)ʃəla |
| Nominalization: | toraʃ(ke)maʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | toraʃ(ke)dəmaʃ |
