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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | torašte |
| Genitive: | toraštə̑n |
| Dative: | toraštə̑lan |
| Accusative: | toraštə̑m |
| Comparative: | toraštə̑la |
| Comitative: | toraštə̑ge |
| Inessive: | toraštə̑šte |
| Illative: | toraštə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | torašteš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | toraštem |
| 2SG: | toraštet |
| 3SG: | toraštə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | toraštə̑na |
| 2PL: | toraštə̑da |
| 3PL: | toraštə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | torašte-βlak |
| Plural (2): | torašte-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | toraštə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | toraštə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | toraštem | torašte-βlak | torašte-βlakem, toraštem-βlak |
| Genitive: | toraštemə̑n | torašte-βlakə̑n | torašte-βlakemə̑n, toraštem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | toraštemlan, toraštə̑lanem | torašte-βlaklan | torašte-βlakemlan, toraštem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | toraštemə̑m | torašte-βlakə̑m | torašte-βlakemə̑m, toraštem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | toraštemla, toraštə̑lam | torašte-βlakla | torašte-βlakemla, toraštem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | toraštemge | torašte-βlakge | torašte-βlakemge, toraštem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | toraštə̑štem | torašte-βlakə̑šte | torašte-βlakə̑štem, toraštem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | toraštə̑škem | torašte-βlakə̑š(ke) | torašte-βlakə̑škem, toraštem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | toraštešem | torašte-βlakeš | torašte-βlakešem, toraštem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||