Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕakam | om tort͡ɕaka |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakat | ot tort͡ɕaka |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakaʃ | ok/ogeʃ tort͡ɕaka |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕakaəna | ona/ogəna tort͡ɕaka |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakaəda | oda/ogəda tort͡ɕaka |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakaət | ogət tort͡ɕaka |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕakaəm | ʃəm tort͡ɕaka |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakaət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ tort͡ɕaka |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakaje | əʃ tort͡ɕaka |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕakana | əʃna tort͡ɕaka |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakada | əʃda tort͡ɕaka |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakaət͡ɕ | əʃt tort͡ɕaka |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕakaənam | tort͡ɕakaən oməl |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakaənat | tort͡ɕakaən otəl |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakaən | tort͡ɕakaən ogəl |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕakaənːa | tort͡ɕakaən onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakaənda | tort͡ɕakaən odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakaənət | tort͡ɕakaən ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕakam əʎe | om tort͡ɕaka əʎe |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakat əʎe | ot tort͡ɕaka əʎe |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakaʃ əʎe | ok/ogeʃ tort͡ɕaka əʎe |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕakaəna əʎe | ona/ogəna tort͡ɕaka əʎe |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakaəda əʎe | oda/ogəda tort͡ɕaka əʎe |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakaət əʎe | ogət tort͡ɕaka əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕakam ulmaʃ | om tort͡ɕaka ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakat ulmaʃ | ot tort͡ɕaka ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakaʃ ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ tort͡ɕaka ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕakaəna ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna tort͡ɕaka ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakaəda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda tort͡ɕaka ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakaət ulmaʃ | ogət tort͡ɕaka ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕakaənam əʎe | tort͡ɕakaən oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakaənat əʎe | tort͡ɕakaən otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakaən əʎe | tort͡ɕakaən ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕakaənːa əʎe | tort͡ɕakaən onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakaənda əʎe | tort͡ɕakaən odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakaənət əʎe | tort͡ɕakaən ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕakaənam ulmaʃ | tort͡ɕakaən oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakaənat ulmaʃ | tort͡ɕakaən otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakaən ulmaʃ | tort͡ɕakaən ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕakaənːa ulmaʃ | tort͡ɕakaən onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakaənda ulmaʃ | tort͡ɕakaən odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakaənət ulmaʃ | tort͡ɕakaən ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕaka | it tort͡ɕaka |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakaʒe | ənʒe tort͡ɕaka |
| 1PL: | (tort͡ɕakaəna) | (ona/ogəna tort͡ɕaka) |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakaza | ida tort͡ɕaka |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakaʃt | ənəʃt tort͡ɕaka |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕakanem | ənem tort͡ɕaka |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakanet | ənet tort͡ɕaka |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakaneʒe | əneʒ tort͡ɕaka |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕakanena | ənena tort͡ɕaka |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakaneda | əneda tort͡ɕaka |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakaneʃt | əneʃt tort͡ɕaka |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕakanem əʎe | ənem tort͡ɕaka əʎe |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakanena əʎe | ənet tort͡ɕaka əʎe |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakaneʒe əʎe | əneʒ tort͡ɕaka əʎe |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕakanena əʎe | ənena tort͡ɕaka əʎe |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakaneda əʎe | əneda tort͡ɕaka əʎe |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakaneʃt əʎe | əneʃt tort͡ɕaka əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakanet ulmaʃ | ənet tort͡ɕaka ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakaneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ tort͡ɕaka ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakaneda ulmaʃ | əneda tort͡ɕaka ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakaneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt tort͡ɕaka ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | tort͡ɕakaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | tort͡ɕakaman |
| Active participle: | tort͡ɕakaʃe |
| Passive participle: | tort͡ɕakame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | tort͡ɕakaʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | tort͡ɕakadəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | tort͡ɕakaən |
| Negative gerund: | tort͡ɕakade |
| Gerund of prior action: | tort͡ɕakamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | tort͡ɕakameʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | tort͡ɕakaʃəla |
| Nominalization: | tort͡ɕakamaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | tort͡ɕakadəmaʃ |
