Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕakam | om tort͡ɕak |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakat | ot tort͡ɕak |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakeʃ | ok/ogeʃ tort͡ɕak |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕakəna | ona/ogəna tort͡ɕak |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakəda | oda/ogəda tort͡ɕak |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakət | ogət tort͡ɕak |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕakəm | ʃəm tort͡ɕak |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ tort͡ɕak |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕake | əʃ tort͡ɕak |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕakna | əʃna tort͡ɕak |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakda | əʃda tort͡ɕak |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakət͡ɕ | əʃt tort͡ɕak |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕakənam | tort͡ɕakən oməl |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakənat | tort͡ɕakən otəl |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakən | tort͡ɕakən ogəl |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕakənːa | tort͡ɕakən onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakənda | tort͡ɕakən odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakənət | tort͡ɕakən ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕakam əʎe | om tort͡ɕak əʎe |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakat əʎe | ot tort͡ɕak əʎe |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakeʃ əʎe | ok/ogeʃ tort͡ɕak əʎe |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕakəna əʎe | ona/ogəna tort͡ɕak əʎe |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakəda əʎe | oda/ogəda tort͡ɕak əʎe |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakət əʎe | ogət tort͡ɕak əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕakam ulmaʃ | om tort͡ɕak ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakat ulmaʃ | ot tort͡ɕak ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakeʃ ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ tort͡ɕak ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕakəna ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna tort͡ɕak ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakəda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda tort͡ɕak ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakət ulmaʃ | ogət tort͡ɕak ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕakənam əʎe | tort͡ɕakən oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakənat əʎe | tort͡ɕakən otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakən əʎe | tort͡ɕakən ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕakənːa əʎe | tort͡ɕakən onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakənda əʎe | tort͡ɕakən odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakənət əʎe | tort͡ɕakən ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕakənam ulmaʃ | tort͡ɕakən oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕakənat ulmaʃ | tort͡ɕakən otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakən ulmaʃ | tort͡ɕakən ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕakənːa ulmaʃ | tort͡ɕakən onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakənda ulmaʃ | tort͡ɕakən odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakənət ulmaʃ | tort͡ɕakən ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕak | it tort͡ɕak |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakʃe | ənʒe tort͡ɕak |
| 1PL: | (tort͡ɕakəna) | (ona/ogəna tort͡ɕak) |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕaksa | ida tort͡ɕak |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakəʃt | ənəʃt tort͡ɕak |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕaknem | ənem tort͡ɕak |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕaknet | ənet tort͡ɕak |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakneʒe | əneʒ tort͡ɕak |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕaknena | ənena tort͡ɕak |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakneda | əneda tort͡ɕak |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakneʃt | əneʃt tort͡ɕak |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tort͡ɕaknem əʎe | ənem tort͡ɕak əʎe |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕaknena əʎe | ənet tort͡ɕak əʎe |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakneʒe əʎe | əneʒ tort͡ɕak əʎe |
| 1PL: | tort͡ɕaknena əʎe | ənena tort͡ɕak əʎe |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakneda əʎe | əneda tort͡ɕak əʎe |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakneʃt əʎe | əneʃt tort͡ɕak əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tort͡ɕaknet ulmaʃ | ənet tort͡ɕak ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | tort͡ɕakneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ tort͡ɕak ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | tort͡ɕakneda ulmaʃ | əneda tort͡ɕak ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | tort͡ɕakneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt tort͡ɕak ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | tort͡ɕakaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | tort͡ɕakman |
| Active participle: | tort͡ɕakʃe |
| Passive participle: | tort͡ɕakme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | tort͡ɕakʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | tort͡ɕakdəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | tort͡ɕakən |
| Negative gerund: | tort͡ɕakde |
| Gerund of prior action: | tort͡ɕakmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | tort͡ɕakmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | tort͡ɕakʃəla |
| Nominalization: | tort͡ɕakmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | tort͡ɕakdəmaʃ |
