Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgatam | om toŋgata |
| 2SG: | toŋgatat | ot toŋgata |
| 3SG: | toŋgataš | ok/ogeš toŋgata |
| 1PL: | toŋgataə̑na | ona/ogə̑na toŋgata |
| 2PL: | toŋgataə̑da | oda/ogə̑da toŋgata |
| 3PL: | toŋgataə̑t | ogə̑t toŋgata |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgataə̑m | šə̑m toŋgata |
| 2SG: | toŋgataə̑č́ | šə̑č́ toŋgata |
| 3SG: | toŋgataje | ə̑š toŋgata |
| 1PL: | toŋgatana | ə̑šna toŋgata |
| 2PL: | toŋgatada | ə̑šda toŋgata |
| 3PL: | toŋgataə̑č́ | ə̑št toŋgata |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgataə̑nam | toŋgataə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | toŋgataə̑nat | toŋgataə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | toŋgataə̑n | toŋgataə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | toŋgataə̑nna | toŋgataə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | toŋgataə̑nda | toŋgataə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | toŋgataə̑nə̑t | toŋgataə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgatam ə̑l'e | om toŋgata ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toŋgatat ə̑l'e | ot toŋgata ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toŋgataš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš toŋgata ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toŋgataə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na toŋgata ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toŋgataə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da toŋgata ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toŋgataə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t toŋgata ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgatam ulmaš | om toŋgata ulmaš |
| 2SG: | toŋgatat ulmaš | ot toŋgata ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toŋgataš ulmaš | ok/ogeš toŋgata ulmaš |
| 1PL: | toŋgataə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na toŋgata ulmaš |
| 2PL: | toŋgataə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da toŋgata ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toŋgataə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t toŋgata ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgataə̑nam ə̑l'e | toŋgataə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toŋgataə̑nat ə̑l'e | toŋgataə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toŋgataə̑n ə̑l'e | toŋgataə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toŋgataə̑nna ə̑l'e | toŋgataə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toŋgataə̑nda ə̑l'e | toŋgataə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toŋgataə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | toŋgataə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgataə̑nam ulmaš | toŋgataə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | toŋgataə̑nat ulmaš | toŋgataə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toŋgataə̑n ulmaš | toŋgataə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | toŋgataə̑nna ulmaš | toŋgataə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | toŋgataə̑nda ulmaš | toŋgataə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toŋgataə̑nə̑t ulmaš | toŋgataə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toŋgata | it toŋgata |
| 3SG: | toŋgataže | ə̑nže toŋgata |
| 1PL: | (toŋgataə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na toŋgata) |
| 2PL: | toŋgataza | ida toŋgata |
| 3PL: | toŋgatašt | ə̑nə̑št toŋgata |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgatanem | ə̑nem toŋgata |
| 2SG: | toŋgatanet | ə̑net toŋgata |
| 3SG: | toŋgataneže | ə̑než toŋgata |
| 1PL: | toŋgatanena | ə̑nena toŋgata |
| 2PL: | toŋgataneda | ə̑neda toŋgata |
| 3PL: | toŋgatanešt | ə̑nešt toŋgata |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | toŋgatanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem toŋgata ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | toŋgatanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net toŋgata ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toŋgataneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než toŋgata ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | toŋgatanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena toŋgata ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | toŋgataneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda toŋgata ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | toŋgatanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt toŋgata ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | toŋgatanet ulmaš | ə̑net toŋgata ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toŋgataneže ulmaš | ə̑než toŋgata ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | toŋgataneda ulmaš | ə̑neda toŋgata ulmaš |
| 3PL: | toŋgatanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt toŋgata ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | toŋgataš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | toŋgataman |
| Active participle: | toŋgataše |
| Passive participle: | toŋgatame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | toŋgatašaš |
| Negative participle: | toŋgatadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | toŋgataə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | toŋgatade |
| Gerund of prior action: | toŋgatamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | toŋgatameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | toŋgatašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | toŋgatamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | toŋgatadə̑maš |
