Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tundram | om tundr |
| 2SG: | tundrat | ot tundr |
| 3SG: | tundreš | ok/ogeš tundr |
| 1PL: | tundrə̑na | ona/ogə̑na tundr |
| 2PL: | tundrə̑da | oda/ogə̑da tundr |
| 3PL: | tundrə̑t | ogə̑t tundr |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tundrə̑m | šə̑m tundr |
| 2SG: | tundrə̑č́ | šə̑č́ tundr |
| 3SG: | tundro | ə̑š tundr |
| 1PL: | tundrna | ə̑šna tundr |
| 2PL: | tundrda | ə̑šda tundr |
| 3PL: | tundrə̑č́ | ə̑št tundr |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tundrə̑nam | tundrə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | tundrə̑nat | tundrə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | tundrə̑n | tundrə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | tundrə̑nna | tundrə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | tundrə̑nda | tundrə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | tundrə̑nə̑t | tundrə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tundram ə̑l'e | om tundr ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tundrat ə̑l'e | ot tundr ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tundreš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš tundr ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tundrə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na tundr ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tundrə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da tundr ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tundrə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t tundr ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tundram ulmaš | om tundr ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tundrat ulmaš | ot tundr ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tundreš ulmaš | ok/ogeš tundr ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tundrə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na tundr ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tundrə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da tundr ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tundrə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t tundr ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tundrə̑nam ə̑l'e | tundrə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tundrə̑nat ə̑l'e | tundrə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tundrə̑n ə̑l'e | tundrə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tundrə̑nna ə̑l'e | tundrə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tundrə̑nda ə̑l'e | tundrə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tundrə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | tundrə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tundrə̑nam ulmaš | tundrə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tundrə̑nat ulmaš | tundrə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tundrə̑n ulmaš | tundrə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tundrə̑nna ulmaš | tundrə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tundrə̑nda ulmaš | tundrə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tundrə̑nə̑t ulmaš | tundrə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tundr | it tundr |
| 3SG: | tundržo | ə̑nže tundr |
| 1PL: | (tundrə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na tundr) |
| 2PL: | tundrza | ida tundr |
| 3PL: | tundrə̑št | ə̑nə̑št tundr |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tundrnem | ə̑nem tundr |
| 2SG: | tundrnet | ə̑net tundr |
| 3SG: | tundrneže | ə̑než tundr |
| 1PL: | tundrnena | ə̑nena tundr |
| 2PL: | tundrneda | ə̑neda tundr |
| 3PL: | tundrnešt | ə̑nešt tundr |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tundrnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem tundr ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tundrnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net tundr ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tundrneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než tundr ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tundrnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena tundr ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tundrneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda tundr ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tundrnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt tundr ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tundrnet ulmaš | ə̑net tundr ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tundrneže ulmaš | ə̑než tundr ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | tundrneda ulmaš | ə̑neda tundr ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tundrnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt tundr ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | tundraš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | tundrman |
| Active participle: | tundršo |
| Passive participle: | tundrmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | tundršaš |
| Negative participle: | tundrdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | tundrə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | tundrde |
| Gerund of prior action: | tundrmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | tundrmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | tundršə̑la |
| Nominalization: | tundrmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | tundrdə̑maš |
