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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | tuʃtan |
Genitive: | tuʃtanən |
Dative: | tuʃtanlan |
Accusative: | tuʃtanəm |
Comparative: | tuʃtanla |
Comitative: | tuʃtange |
Inessive: | tuʃtanəʃte |
Illative: | tuʃtanəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | tuʃtaneʃ |
1SG: | tuʃtanem |
2SG: | tuʃtanet |
3SG: | tuʃtanʒe |
1PL: | tuʃtanːa |
2PL: | tuʃtanda |
3PL: | tuʃtanəʃt |
Plural (1): | tuʃtan-βlak |
Plural (2): | tuʃtan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | tuʃtanla |
Sociative Plural: | tuʃtanmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | tuʃtanem | tuʃtan-βlak | tuʃtan-βlakem, tuʃtanem-βlak |
Genitive: | tuʃtanemən | tuʃtan-βlakən | tuʃtan-βlakemən, tuʃtanem-βlakən |
Dative: | tuʃtanemlan, tuʃtanlanem | tuʃtan-βlaklan | tuʃtan-βlakemlan, tuʃtanem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | tuʃtaneməm | tuʃtan-βlakəm | tuʃtan-βlakeməm, tuʃtanem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | tuʃtanemla, tuʃtanlam | tuʃtan-βlakla | tuʃtan-βlakemla, tuʃtanem-βlakla |
Comitative: | tuʃtanemge | tuʃtan-βlakge | tuʃtan-βlakemge, tuʃtanem-βlakge |
Inessive: | tuʃtanəʃtem | tuʃtan-βlakəʃte | tuʃtan-βlakəʃtem, tuʃtanem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | tuʃtanəʃkem | tuʃtan-βlakəʃ(ke) | tuʃtan-βlakəʃkem, tuʃtanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | tuʃtaneʃem | tuʃtan-βlakeʃ | tuʃtan-βlakeʃem, tuʃtanem-βlakeʃ |
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