Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tuŋgə̑ram | om tuŋgə̑ra |
| 2SG: | tuŋgə̑rat | ot tuŋgə̑ra |
| 3SG: | tuŋgə̑raš | ok/ogeš tuŋgə̑ra |
| 1PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑na | ona/ogə̑na tuŋgə̑ra |
| 2PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑da | oda/ogə̑da tuŋgə̑ra |
| 3PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑t | ogə̑t tuŋgə̑ra |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tuŋgə̑raə̑m | šə̑m tuŋgə̑ra |
| 2SG: | tuŋgə̑raə̑č́ | šə̑č́ tuŋgə̑ra |
| 3SG: | tuŋgə̑raje | ə̑š tuŋgə̑ra |
| 1PL: | tuŋgə̑rana | ə̑šna tuŋgə̑ra |
| 2PL: | tuŋgə̑rada | ə̑šda tuŋgə̑ra |
| 3PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑č́ | ə̑št tuŋgə̑ra |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tuŋgə̑raə̑nam | tuŋgə̑raə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | tuŋgə̑raə̑nat | tuŋgə̑raə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | tuŋgə̑raə̑n | tuŋgə̑raə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑nna | tuŋgə̑raə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑nda | tuŋgə̑raə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑nə̑t | tuŋgə̑raə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tuŋgə̑ram ə̑l'e | om tuŋgə̑ra ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tuŋgə̑rat ə̑l'e | ot tuŋgə̑ra ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tuŋgə̑raš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš tuŋgə̑ra ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na tuŋgə̑ra ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da tuŋgə̑ra ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t tuŋgə̑ra ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tuŋgə̑ram ulmaš | om tuŋgə̑ra ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tuŋgə̑rat ulmaš | ot tuŋgə̑ra ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tuŋgə̑raš ulmaš | ok/ogeš tuŋgə̑ra ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na tuŋgə̑ra ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da tuŋgə̑ra ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t tuŋgə̑ra ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tuŋgə̑raə̑nam ə̑l'e | tuŋgə̑raə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tuŋgə̑raə̑nat ə̑l'e | tuŋgə̑raə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tuŋgə̑raə̑n ə̑l'e | tuŋgə̑raə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑nna ə̑l'e | tuŋgə̑raə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑nda ə̑l'e | tuŋgə̑raə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | tuŋgə̑raə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tuŋgə̑raə̑nam ulmaš | tuŋgə̑raə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tuŋgə̑raə̑nat ulmaš | tuŋgə̑raə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tuŋgə̑raə̑n ulmaš | tuŋgə̑raə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑nna ulmaš | tuŋgə̑raə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑nda ulmaš | tuŋgə̑raə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tuŋgə̑raə̑nə̑t ulmaš | tuŋgə̑raə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tuŋgə̑ra | it tuŋgə̑ra |
| 3SG: | tuŋgə̑raže | ə̑nže tuŋgə̑ra |
| 1PL: | (tuŋgə̑raə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na tuŋgə̑ra) |
| 2PL: | tuŋgə̑raza | ida tuŋgə̑ra |
| 3PL: | tuŋgə̑rašt | ə̑nə̑št tuŋgə̑ra |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tuŋgə̑ranem | ə̑nem tuŋgə̑ra |
| 2SG: | tuŋgə̑ranet | ə̑net tuŋgə̑ra |
| 3SG: | tuŋgə̑raneže | ə̑než tuŋgə̑ra |
| 1PL: | tuŋgə̑ranena | ə̑nena tuŋgə̑ra |
| 2PL: | tuŋgə̑raneda | ə̑neda tuŋgə̑ra |
| 3PL: | tuŋgə̑ranešt | ə̑nešt tuŋgə̑ra |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | tuŋgə̑ranem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem tuŋgə̑ra ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tuŋgə̑ranena ə̑l'e | ə̑net tuŋgə̑ra ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tuŋgə̑raneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než tuŋgə̑ra ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tuŋgə̑ranena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena tuŋgə̑ra ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tuŋgə̑raneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda tuŋgə̑ra ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tuŋgə̑ranešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt tuŋgə̑ra ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tuŋgə̑ranet ulmaš | ə̑net tuŋgə̑ra ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tuŋgə̑raneže ulmaš | ə̑než tuŋgə̑ra ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | tuŋgə̑raneda ulmaš | ə̑neda tuŋgə̑ra ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tuŋgə̑ranešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt tuŋgə̑ra ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | tuŋgə̑raš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | tuŋgə̑raman |
| Active participle: | tuŋgə̑raše |
| Passive participle: | tuŋgə̑rame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | tuŋgə̑rašaš |
| Negative participle: | tuŋgə̑radə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | tuŋgə̑raə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | tuŋgə̑rade |
| Gerund of prior action: | tuŋgə̑ramek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | tuŋgə̑rameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | tuŋgə̑rašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | tuŋgə̑ramaš |
| Negative nominalization: | tuŋgə̑radə̑maš |
