Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | χoldingam | om χolding |
| 2SG: | χoldingat | ot χolding |
| 3SG: | χoldingeš | ok/ogeš χolding |
| 1PL: | χoldingə̑na | ona/ogə̑na χolding |
| 2PL: | χoldingə̑da | oda/ogə̑da χolding |
| 3PL: | χoldingə̑t | ogə̑t χolding |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | χoldingə̑m | šə̑m χolding |
| 2SG: | χoldingə̑č́ | šə̑č́ χolding |
| 3SG: | χoldinge | ə̑š χolding |
| 1PL: | χoldingna | ə̑šna χolding |
| 2PL: | χoldingda | ə̑šda χolding |
| 3PL: | χoldingə̑č́ | ə̑št χolding |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | χoldingə̑nam | χoldingə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | χoldingə̑nat | χoldingə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | χoldingə̑n | χoldingə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | χoldingə̑nna | χoldingə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | χoldingə̑nda | χoldingə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | χoldingə̑nə̑t | χoldingə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | χoldingam ə̑l'e | om χolding ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | χoldingat ə̑l'e | ot χolding ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | χoldingeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš χolding ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | χoldingə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na χolding ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | χoldingə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da χolding ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | χoldingə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t χolding ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | χoldingam ulmaš | om χolding ulmaš |
| 2SG: | χoldingat ulmaš | ot χolding ulmaš |
| 3SG: | χoldingeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš χolding ulmaš |
| 1PL: | χoldingə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na χolding ulmaš |
| 2PL: | χoldingə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da χolding ulmaš |
| 3PL: | χoldingə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t χolding ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | χoldingə̑nam ə̑l'e | χoldingə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | χoldingə̑nat ə̑l'e | χoldingə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | χoldingə̑n ə̑l'e | χoldingə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | χoldingə̑nna ə̑l'e | χoldingə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | χoldingə̑nda ə̑l'e | χoldingə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | χoldingə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | χoldingə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | χoldingə̑nam ulmaš | χoldingə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | χoldingə̑nat ulmaš | χoldingə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | χoldingə̑n ulmaš | χoldingə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | χoldingə̑nna ulmaš | χoldingə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | χoldingə̑nda ulmaš | χoldingə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | χoldingə̑nə̑t ulmaš | χoldingə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | χolding | it χolding |
| 3SG: | χoldingše | ə̑nže χolding |
| 1PL: | (χoldingə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na χolding) |
| 2PL: | χoldingsa | ida χolding |
| 3PL: | χoldingə̑št | ə̑nə̑št χolding |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | χoldingnem | ə̑nem χolding |
| 2SG: | χoldingnet | ə̑net χolding |
| 3SG: | χoldingneže | ə̑než χolding |
| 1PL: | χoldingnena | ə̑nena χolding |
| 2PL: | χoldingneda | ə̑neda χolding |
| 3PL: | χoldingnešt | ə̑nešt χolding |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | χoldingnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem χolding ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | χoldingnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net χolding ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | χoldingneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než χolding ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | χoldingnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena χolding ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | χoldingneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda χolding ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | χoldingnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt χolding ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | χoldingnet ulmaš | ə̑net χolding ulmaš |
| 3SG: | χoldingneže ulmaš | ə̑než χolding ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | χoldingneda ulmaš | ə̑neda χolding ulmaš |
| 3PL: | χoldingnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt χolding ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | χoldingaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | χoldingman |
| Active participle: | χoldingše |
| Passive participle: | χoldingme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | χoldingšaš |
| Negative participle: | χoldingdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | χoldingə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | χoldingde |
| Gerund of prior action: | χoldingmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | χoldingmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | χoldingšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | χoldingmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | χoldingdə̑maš |
