Paradigm Generator

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Paradigm Generator

Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.

Indicative Present

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕaʃkem	om t͡ɕaʃke
2SG:	t͡ɕaʃket	ot t͡ɕaʃke
3SG:	t͡ɕaʃka	ok/ogeʃ t͡ɕaʃke
1PL:	t͡ɕaʃkena	ona/ogəna t͡ɕaʃke
2PL:	t͡ɕaʃkeda	oda/ogəda t͡ɕaʃke
3PL:	t͡ɕaʃkat	ogət t͡ɕaʃke

Indicative Simple Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕaʃkəʃəm	ʃəm t͡ɕaʃke
2SG:	t͡ɕaʃkəʃət͡ɕ	ʃət͡ɕ t͡ɕaʃke
3SG:	t͡ɕaʃkəʃ	əʃ t͡ɕaʃke
1PL:	t͡ɕaʃkəʃna	əʃna t͡ɕaʃke
2PL:	t͡ɕaʃkəʃda	əʃda t͡ɕaʃke
3PL:	t͡ɕaʃkəʃt	əʃt t͡ɕaʃke

Indicative Simple Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕaʃkenam	t͡ɕaʃken oməl
2SG:	t͡ɕaʃkenat	t͡ɕaʃken otəl
3SG:	t͡ɕaʃken	t͡ɕaʃken ogəl
1PL:	t͡ɕaʃkenːa	t͡ɕaʃken onal/ogənal
2PL:	t͡ɕaʃkenda	t͡ɕaʃken odal/ogədal
3PL:	t͡ɕaʃkenət	t͡ɕaʃken ogətəl

Indicative Compound Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕaʃkem əʎe	om t͡ɕaʃke əʎe
2SG:	t͡ɕaʃket əʎe	ot t͡ɕaʃke əʎe
3SG:	t͡ɕaʃka əʎe	ok/ogeʃ t͡ɕaʃke əʎe
1PL:	t͡ɕaʃkena əʎe	ona/ogəna t͡ɕaʃke əʎe
2PL:	t͡ɕaʃkeda əʎe	oda/ogəda t͡ɕaʃke əʎe
3PL:	t͡ɕaʃkat əʎe	ogət t͡ɕaʃke əʎe

Indicative Compound Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕaʃkem ulmaʃ	om t͡ɕaʃke ulmaʃ
2SG:	t͡ɕaʃket ulmaʃ	ot t͡ɕaʃke ulmaʃ
3SG:	t͡ɕaʃka ulmaʃ	ok/ogeʃ t͡ɕaʃke ulmaʃ
1PL:	t͡ɕaʃkena ulmaʃ	ona/ogəna t͡ɕaʃke ulmaʃ
2PL:	t͡ɕaʃkeda ulmaʃ	oda/ogəda t͡ɕaʃke ulmaʃ
3PL:	t͡ɕaʃkat ulmaʃ	ogət t͡ɕaʃke ulmaʃ

Indicative Compound Past III

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕaʃkenam əʎe	t͡ɕaʃken oməl əʎe
2SG:	t͡ɕaʃkenat əʎe	t͡ɕaʃken otəl əʎe
3SG:	t͡ɕaʃken əʎe	t͡ɕaʃken ogəl əʎe
1PL:	t͡ɕaʃkenːa əʎe	t͡ɕaʃken onal/ogənal əʎe
2PL:	t͡ɕaʃkenda əʎe	t͡ɕaʃken odal/ogədal əʎe
3PL:	t͡ɕaʃken əʎe	t͡ɕaʃken ogətəl əʎe

Indicative Compound Past IV

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕaʃkenam ulmaʃ	t͡ɕaʃken oməl ulmaʃ
2SG:	t͡ɕaʃkenat ulmaʃ	t͡ɕaʃken otəl ulmaʃ
3SG:	t͡ɕaʃken ulmaʃ	t͡ɕaʃken ogəl ulmaʃ
1PL:	t͡ɕaʃkenːa ulmaʃ	t͡ɕaʃken onal/ogənal ulmaʃ
2PL:	t͡ɕaʃkenda ulmaʃ	t͡ɕaʃken odal/ogədal ulmaʃ
3PL:	t͡ɕaʃken ulmaʃ	t͡ɕaʃken ogətəl ulmaʃ

Imperative

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	/	/
2SG:	t͡ɕaʃke	it t͡ɕaʃke
3SG:	t͡ɕaʃkəʒe	ənʒe t͡ɕaʃke
1PL:	(t͡ɕaʃkena)	(ona/ogəna t͡ɕaʃke)
2PL:	t͡ɕaʃkəza	ida t͡ɕaʃke
3PL:	t͡ɕaʃkəʃt	ənəʃt t͡ɕaʃke

Desiderative Present

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕaʃkənem	ənem t͡ɕaʃke
2SG:	t͡ɕaʃkənet	ənet t͡ɕaʃke
3SG:	t͡ɕaʃkəneʒe	əneʒ t͡ɕaʃke
1PL:	t͡ɕaʃkənena	ənena t͡ɕaʃke
2PL:	t͡ɕaʃkəneda	əneda t͡ɕaʃke
3PL:	t͡ɕaʃkəneʃt	əneʃt t͡ɕaʃke

Desiderative Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	t͡ɕaʃkənem əʎe	ənem t͡ɕaʃke əʎe
2SG:	t͡ɕaʃkənena əʎe	ənet t͡ɕaʃke əʎe
3SG:	t͡ɕaʃkəneʒe əʎe	əneʒ t͡ɕaʃke əʎe
1PL:	t͡ɕaʃkənena əʎe	ənena t͡ɕaʃke əʎe
2PL:	t͡ɕaʃkəneda əʎe	əneda t͡ɕaʃke əʎe
3PL:	t͡ɕaʃkəneʃt əʎe	əneʃt t͡ɕaʃke əʎe

Desiderative Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	/	/
2SG:	t͡ɕaʃkənet ulmaʃ	ənet t͡ɕaʃke ulmaʃ
3SG:	t͡ɕaʃkəneʒe ulmaʃ	əneʒ t͡ɕaʃke ulmaʃ
1PL:	/	/
2PL:	t͡ɕaʃkəneda ulmaʃ	əneda t͡ɕaʃke ulmaʃ
3PL:	t͡ɕaʃkəneʃt ulmaʃ	əneʃt t͡ɕaʃke ulmaʃ

Non-finite forms

Infinitive:	t͡ɕaʃkaʃ
Necessitive infinitive:	t͡ɕaʃkəman
Active participle:	t͡ɕaʃkəʃe
Passive participle:	t͡ɕaʃkəme
Future-necessitive participle:	t͡ɕaʃkəʃaʃ
Negative participle:	t͡ɕaʃkədəme
Affirmative instructive gerund:	t͡ɕaʃken
Negative gerund:	t͡ɕaʃkəde
Gerund of prior action:	t͡ɕaʃkəmek(e)
Gerund of future action:	t͡ɕaʃkəmeʃ(ke)
Gerund of simultaneous action:	t͡ɕaʃkəʃəla
Nominalization:	t͡ɕaʃkəmaʃ
Negative nominalization:	t͡ɕaʃkədəmaʃ


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Last update: 10 August 2023

	○ Nominal	● Verb	○ Postposition
Conjugation class:	● Determine from input	○ First	○ Second
Orthography:	○ Cyrillic	○ UPA	● IPA