Paradigm Generator
Тиде материал нерген кызыт англичан йылме дене веле лудаш лиеш. Марий ден руш версий ямдылалтеш да вашке савыкталтшаш.
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iβanam | om č́iβan |
| 2SG: | č́iβanat | ot č́iβan |
| 3SG: | č́iβaneš | ok/ogeš č́iβan |
| 1PL: | č́iβanə̑na | ona/ogə̑na č́iβan |
| 2PL: | č́iβanə̑da | oda/ogə̑da č́iβan |
| 3PL: | č́iβanə̑t | ogə̑t č́iβan |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iβańə̑m | šə̑m č́iβan |
| 2SG: | č́iβańə̑č́ | šə̑č́ č́iβan |
| 3SG: | č́iβańe | ə̑š č́iβan |
| 1PL: | č́iβanna | ə̑šna č́iβan |
| 2PL: | č́iβanda | ə̑šda č́iβan |
| 3PL: | č́iβańə̑č́ | ə̑št č́iβan |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iβanə̑nam | č́iβanə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | č́iβanə̑nat | č́iβanə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | č́iβanə̑n | č́iβanə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | č́iβanə̑nna | č́iβanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | č́iβanə̑nda | č́iβanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | č́iβanə̑nə̑t | č́iβanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iβanam ə̑l'e | om č́iβan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́iβanat ə̑l'e | ot č́iβan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́iβaneš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš č́iβan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́iβanə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na č́iβan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́iβanə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da č́iβan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́iβanə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t č́iβan ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iβanam ulmaš | om č́iβan ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́iβanat ulmaš | ot č́iβan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́iβaneš ulmaš | ok/ogeš č́iβan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́iβanə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na č́iβan ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́iβanə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da č́iβan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́iβanə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t č́iβan ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iβanə̑nam ə̑l'e | č́iβanə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́iβanə̑nat ə̑l'e | č́iβanə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́iβanə̑n ə̑l'e | č́iβanə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́iβanə̑nna ə̑l'e | č́iβanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́iβanə̑nda ə̑l'e | č́iβanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́iβanə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | č́iβanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iβanə̑nam ulmaš | č́iβanə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́iβanə̑nat ulmaš | č́iβanə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́iβanə̑n ulmaš | č́iβanə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́iβanə̑nna ulmaš | č́iβanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́iβanə̑nda ulmaš | č́iβanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́iβanə̑nə̑t ulmaš | č́iβanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́iβan | it č́iβan |
| 3SG: | č́iβanže | ə̑nže č́iβan |
| 1PL: | (č́iβanə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na č́iβan) |
| 2PL: | č́iβanza | ida č́iβan |
| 3PL: | č́iβanə̑št | ə̑nə̑št č́iβan |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iβannem | ə̑nem č́iβan |
| 2SG: | č́iβannet | ə̑net č́iβan |
| 3SG: | č́iβanneže | ə̑než č́iβan |
| 1PL: | č́iβannena | ə̑nena č́iβan |
| 2PL: | č́iβanneda | ə̑neda č́iβan |
| 3PL: | č́iβannešt | ə̑nešt č́iβan |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iβannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem č́iβan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́iβannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net č́iβan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́iβanneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než č́iβan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́iβannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena č́iβan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́iβanneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda č́iβan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́iβannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt č́iβan ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́iβannet ulmaš | ə̑net č́iβan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́iβanneže ulmaš | ə̑než č́iβan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | č́iβanneda ulmaš | ə̑neda č́iβan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́iβannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt č́iβan ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | č́iβanaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | č́iβanman |
| Active participle: | č́iβanše |
| Passive participle: | č́iβanme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | č́iβanšaš |
| Negative participle: | č́iβandə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | č́iβanə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | č́iβande |
| Gerund of prior action: | č́iβanmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | č́iβanmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | č́iβanšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | č́iβanmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | č́iβandə̑maš |
