Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iŋgam | om č́iŋga |
| 2SG: | č́iŋgat | ot č́iŋga |
| 3SG: | č́iŋgaš | ok/ogeš č́iŋga |
| 1PL: | č́iŋgaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na č́iŋga |
| 2PL: | č́iŋgaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da č́iŋga |
| 3PL: | č́iŋgaə̑t | ogə̑t č́iŋga |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iŋgaə̑m | šə̑m č́iŋga |
| 2SG: | č́iŋgaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ č́iŋga |
| 3SG: | č́iŋgaje | ə̑š č́iŋga |
| 1PL: | č́iŋgana | ə̑šna č́iŋga |
| 2PL: | č́iŋgada | ə̑šda č́iŋga |
| 3PL: | č́iŋgaə̑č́ | ə̑št č́iŋga |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iŋgaə̑nam | č́iŋgaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | č́iŋgaə̑nat | č́iŋgaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | č́iŋgaə̑n | č́iŋgaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | č́iŋgaə̑nna | č́iŋgaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | č́iŋgaə̑nda | č́iŋgaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | č́iŋgaə̑nə̑t | č́iŋgaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iŋgam ə̑l'e | om č́iŋga ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́iŋgat ə̑l'e | ot č́iŋga ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́iŋgaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš č́iŋga ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́iŋgaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na č́iŋga ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́iŋgaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da č́iŋga ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́iŋgaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t č́iŋga ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iŋgam ulmaš | om č́iŋga ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́iŋgat ulmaš | ot č́iŋga ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́iŋgaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš č́iŋga ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́iŋgaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na č́iŋga ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́iŋgaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da č́iŋga ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́iŋgaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t č́iŋga ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iŋgaə̑nam ə̑l'e | č́iŋgaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́iŋgaə̑nat ə̑l'e | č́iŋgaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́iŋgaə̑n ə̑l'e | č́iŋgaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́iŋgaə̑nna ə̑l'e | č́iŋgaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́iŋgaə̑nda ə̑l'e | č́iŋgaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́iŋgaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | č́iŋgaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iŋgaə̑nam ulmaš | č́iŋgaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́iŋgaə̑nat ulmaš | č́iŋgaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́iŋgaə̑n ulmaš | č́iŋgaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́iŋgaə̑nna ulmaš | č́iŋgaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́iŋgaə̑nda ulmaš | č́iŋgaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́iŋgaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | č́iŋgaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́iŋga | it č́iŋga |
| 3SG: | č́iŋgaže | ə̑nže č́iŋga |
| 1PL: | (č́iŋgaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na č́iŋga) |
| 2PL: | č́iŋgaza | ida č́iŋga |
| 3PL: | č́iŋgašt | ə̑nə̑št č́iŋga |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iŋganem | ə̑nem č́iŋga |
| 2SG: | č́iŋganet | ə̑net č́iŋga |
| 3SG: | č́iŋganeže | ə̑než č́iŋga |
| 1PL: | č́iŋganena | ə̑nena č́iŋga |
| 2PL: | č́iŋganeda | ə̑neda č́iŋga |
| 3PL: | č́iŋganešt | ə̑nešt č́iŋga |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́iŋganem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem č́iŋga ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́iŋganena ə̑l'e | ə̑net č́iŋga ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́iŋganeže ə̑l'e | ə̑než č́iŋga ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́iŋganena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena č́iŋga ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́iŋganeda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda č́iŋga ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́iŋganešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt č́iŋga ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́iŋganet ulmaš | ə̑net č́iŋga ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́iŋganeže ulmaš | ə̑než č́iŋga ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | č́iŋganeda ulmaš | ə̑neda č́iŋga ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́iŋganešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt č́iŋga ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | č́iŋgaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | č́iŋgaman |
| Active participle: | č́iŋgaše |
| Passive participle: | č́iŋgame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | č́iŋgašaš |
| Negative participle: | č́iŋgadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | č́iŋgaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | č́iŋgade |
| Gerund of prior action: | č́iŋgamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | č́iŋgameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | č́iŋgašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | č́iŋgamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | č́iŋgadə̑maš |
