Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑kmam | om č́ə̑kma |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑kmat | ot č́ə̑kma |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑kmaš | ok/ogeš č́ə̑kma |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na č́ə̑kma |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da č́ə̑kma |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑t | ogə̑t č́ə̑kma |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑kmaə̑m | šə̑m č́ə̑kma |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑kmaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ č́ə̑kma |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑kmaje | ə̑š č́ə̑kma |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑kmana | ə̑šna č́ə̑kma |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑kmada | ə̑šda č́ə̑kma |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑č́ | ə̑št č́ə̑kma |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑kmaə̑nam | č́ə̑kmaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑kmaə̑nat | č́ə̑kmaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑kmaə̑n | č́ə̑kmaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑nna | č́ə̑kmaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑nda | č́ə̑kmaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑nə̑t | č́ə̑kmaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑kmam ə̑l'e | om č́ə̑kma ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑kmat ə̑l'e | ot č́ə̑kma ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑kmaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš č́ə̑kma ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na č́ə̑kma ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da č́ə̑kma ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t č́ə̑kma ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑kmam ulmaš | om č́ə̑kma ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑kmat ulmaš | ot č́ə̑kma ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑kmaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš č́ə̑kma ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na č́ə̑kma ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da č́ə̑kma ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t č́ə̑kma ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑kmaə̑nam ə̑l'e | č́ə̑kmaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑kmaə̑nat ə̑l'e | č́ə̑kmaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑kmaə̑n ə̑l'e | č́ə̑kmaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑nna ə̑l'e | č́ə̑kmaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑nda ə̑l'e | č́ə̑kmaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | č́ə̑kmaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑kmaə̑nam ulmaš | č́ə̑kmaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑kmaə̑nat ulmaš | č́ə̑kmaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑kmaə̑n ulmaš | č́ə̑kmaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑nna ulmaš | č́ə̑kmaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑nda ulmaš | č́ə̑kmaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑kmaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | č́ə̑kmaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑kma | it č́ə̑kma |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑kmaže | ə̑nže č́ə̑kma |
| 1PL: | (č́ə̑kmaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na č́ə̑kma) |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑kmaza | ida č́ə̑kma |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑kmašt | ə̑nə̑št č́ə̑kma |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑kmanem | ə̑nem č́ə̑kma |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑kmanet | ə̑net č́ə̑kma |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑kmaneže | ə̑než č́ə̑kma |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑kmanena | ə̑nena č́ə̑kma |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑kmaneda | ə̑neda č́ə̑kma |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑kmanešt | ə̑nešt č́ə̑kma |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑kmanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem č́ə̑kma ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑kmanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net č́ə̑kma ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑kmaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než č́ə̑kma ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑kmanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena č́ə̑kma ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑kmaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda č́ə̑kma ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑kmanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt č́ə̑kma ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑kmanet ulmaš | ə̑net č́ə̑kma ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑kmaneže ulmaš | ə̑než č́ə̑kma ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑kmaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda č́ə̑kma ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑kmanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt č́ə̑kma ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | č́ə̑kmaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | č́ə̑kmaman |
| Active participle: | č́ə̑kmaše |
| Passive participle: | č́ə̑kmame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | č́ə̑kmašaš |
| Negative participle: | č́ə̑kmadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | č́ə̑kmaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | č́ə̑kmade |
| Gerund of prior action: | č́ə̑kmamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | č́ə̑kmameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | č́ə̑kmašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | č́ə̑kmamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | č́ə̑kmadə̑maš |
