Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑lam | om č́ə̑l |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑lat | ot č́ə̑l |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑leš | ok/ogeš č́ə̑l |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑lə̑na | ona/ogə̑na č́ə̑l |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑lə̑da | oda/ogə̑da č́ə̑l |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑lə̑t | ogə̑t č́ə̑l |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑l'ə̑m | šə̑m č́ə̑l |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑l'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ č́ə̑l |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑l'e | ə̑š č́ə̑l |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑lna | ə̑šna č́ə̑l |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑lda | ə̑šda č́ə̑l |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑l'ə̑č́ | ə̑št č́ə̑l |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑lə̑nam | č́ə̑lə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑lə̑nat | č́ə̑lə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑lə̑n | č́ə̑lə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑lə̑nna | č́ə̑lə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑lə̑nda | č́ə̑lə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑lə̑nə̑t | č́ə̑lə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑lam ə̑l'e | om č́ə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑lat ə̑l'e | ot č́ə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑leš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš č́ə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑lə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na č́ə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑lə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da č́ə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑lə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t č́ə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑lam ulmaš | om č́ə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑lat ulmaš | ot č́ə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑leš ulmaš | ok/ogeš č́ə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑lə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na č́ə̑l ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑lə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da č́ə̑l ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑lə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t č́ə̑l ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑lə̑nam ə̑l'e | č́ə̑lə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑lə̑nat ə̑l'e | č́ə̑lə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑lə̑n ə̑l'e | č́ə̑lə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑lə̑nna ə̑l'e | č́ə̑lə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑lə̑nda ə̑l'e | č́ə̑lə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑lə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | č́ə̑lə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑lə̑nam ulmaš | č́ə̑lə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑lə̑nat ulmaš | č́ə̑lə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑lə̑n ulmaš | č́ə̑lə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑lə̑nna ulmaš | č́ə̑lə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑lə̑nda ulmaš | č́ə̑lə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑lə̑nə̑t ulmaš | č́ə̑lə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑l | it č́ə̑l |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑lže | ə̑nže č́ə̑l |
| 1PL: | (č́ə̑lə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na č́ə̑l) |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑lza | ida č́ə̑l |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑lə̑št | ə̑nə̑št č́ə̑l |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑lnem | ə̑nem č́ə̑l |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑lnet | ə̑net č́ə̑l |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑lneže | ə̑než č́ə̑l |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑lnena | ə̑nena č́ə̑l |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑lneda | ə̑neda č́ə̑l |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑lnešt | ə̑nešt č́ə̑l |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | č́ə̑lnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem č́ə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑lnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net č́ə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑lneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než č́ə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́ə̑lnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena č́ə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑lneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda č́ə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑lnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt č́ə̑l ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́ə̑lnet ulmaš | ə̑net č́ə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́ə̑lneže ulmaš | ə̑než č́ə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | č́ə̑lneda ulmaš | ə̑neda č́ə̑l ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́ə̑lnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt č́ə̑l ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | č́ə̑laš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | č́ə̑lman |
| Active participle: | č́ə̑lše |
| Passive participle: | č́ə̑lme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | č́ə̑lšaš |
| Negative participle: | č́ə̑ldə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | č́ə̑lə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | č́ə̑lde |
| Gerund of prior action: | č́ə̑lmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | č́ə̑lmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | č́ə̑lšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | č́ə̑lmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | č́ə̑ldə̑maš |
