Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | šapkem | om šapke |
| 2SG: | šapket | ot šapke |
| 3SG: | šapka | ok/ogeš šapke |
| 1PL: | šapkena | ona/ogə̑na šapke |
| 2PL: | šapkeda | oda/ogə̑da šapke |
| 3PL: | šapkat | ogə̑t šapke |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | šapkə̑šə̑m | šə̑m šapke |
| 2SG: | šapkə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ šapke |
| 3SG: | šapkə̑š | ə̑š šapke |
| 1PL: | šapkə̑šna | ə̑šna šapke |
| 2PL: | šapkə̑šda | ə̑šda šapke |
| 3PL: | šapkə̑št | ə̑št šapke |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | šapkenam | šapken omə̑l |
| 2SG: | šapkenat | šapken otə̑l |
| 3SG: | šapken | šapken ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | šapkenna | šapken onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | šapkenda | šapken odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | šapkenə̑t | šapken ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | šapkem ə̑l'e | om šapke ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šapket ə̑l'e | ot šapke ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šapka ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš šapke ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šapkena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na šapke ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šapkeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da šapke ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šapkat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t šapke ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | šapkem ulmaš | om šapke ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šapket ulmaš | ot šapke ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šapka ulmaš | ok/ogeš šapke ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šapkena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na šapke ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šapkeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da šapke ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šapkat ulmaš | ogə̑t šapke ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | šapkenam ə̑l'e | šapken omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šapkenat ə̑l'e | šapken otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šapken ə̑l'e | šapken ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šapkenna ə̑l'e | šapken onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šapkenda ə̑l'e | šapken odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šapken ə̑l'e | šapken ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | šapkenam ulmaš | šapken omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šapkenat ulmaš | šapken otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šapken ulmaš | šapken ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šapkenna ulmaš | šapken onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šapkenda ulmaš | šapken odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šapken ulmaš | šapken ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šapke | it šapke |
| 3SG: | šapkə̑že | ə̑nže šapke |
| 1PL: | (šapkena) | (ona/ogə̑na šapke) |
| 2PL: | šapkə̑za | ida šapke |
| 3PL: | šapkə̑št | ə̑nə̑št šapke |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | šapkə̑nem | ə̑nem šapke |
| 2SG: | šapkə̑net | ə̑net šapke |
| 3SG: | šapkə̑neže | ə̑než šapke |
| 1PL: | šapkə̑nena | ə̑nena šapke |
| 2PL: | šapkə̑neda | ə̑neda šapke |
| 3PL: | šapkə̑nešt | ə̑nešt šapke |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | šapkə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem šapke ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šapkə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net šapke ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šapkə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než šapke ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šapkə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena šapke ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šapkə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda šapke ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šapkə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt šapke ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šapkə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net šapke ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šapkə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než šapke ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | šapkə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda šapke ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šapkə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt šapke ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | šapkaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | šapkə̑man |
| Active participle: | šapkə̑še |
| Passive participle: | šapkə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | šapkə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | šapkə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | šapken |
| Negative gerund: | šapkə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | šapkə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | šapkə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | šapkə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | šapkə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | šapkə̑də̑maš |
