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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | ʃem-kəna |
Genitive: | ʃem-kənan |
Dative: | ʃem-kənalan |
Accusative: | ʃem-kənam |
Comparative: | ʃem-kənala |
Comitative: | ʃem-kənage |
Inessive: | ʃem-kənaʃte |
Illative: | ʃem-kənaʃ(ke) |
Lative: | ʃem-kənaʃ |
1SG: | ʃem-kənam |
2SG: | ʃem-kənat |
3SG: | ʃem-kənaʒ(e) |
1PL: | ʃem-kənana |
2PL: | ʃem-kənada |
3PL: | ʃem-kənaʃt |
Plural (1): | ʃem-kəna-βlak |
Plural (2): | ʃem-kəna-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | ʃem-kənala |
Sociative Plural: | ʃem-kənamət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | ʃem-kənam | ʃem-kəna-βlak | ʃem-kəna-βlakem, ʃem-kənam-βlak |
Genitive: | ʃem-kənamən | ʃem-kəna-βlakən | ʃem-kəna-βlakemən, ʃem-kənam-βlakən |
Dative: | ʃem-kənamlan, ʃem-kənalanem | ʃem-kəna-βlaklan | ʃem-kəna-βlakemlan, ʃem-kənam-βlaklan |
Accusative: | ʃem-kənaməm | ʃem-kəna-βlakəm | ʃem-kəna-βlakeməm, ʃem-kənam-βlakəm |
Comparative: | ʃem-kənamla, ʃem-kənalam | ʃem-kəna-βlakla | ʃem-kəna-βlakemla, ʃem-kənam-βlakla |
Comitative: | ʃem-kənamge | ʃem-kəna-βlakge | ʃem-kəna-βlakemge, ʃem-kənam-βlakge |
Inessive: | ʃem-kənaʃtem | ʃem-kəna-βlakəʃte | ʃem-kəna-βlakəʃtem, ʃem-kənam-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | ʃem-kənaʃkem | ʃem-kəna-βlakəʃ(ke) | ʃem-kəna-βlakəʃkem, ʃem-kənam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | ʃem-kənaʃem | ʃem-kəna-βlakeʃ | ʃem-kəna-βlakeʃem, ʃem-kənam-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 10 August 2023 |