Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | essem | om esse |
| 2SG: | esset | ot esse |
| 3SG: | essa | ok/ogeš esse |
| 1PL: | essena | ona/ogə̑na esse |
| 2PL: | esseda | oda/ogə̑da esse |
| 3PL: | essat | ogə̑t esse |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | essə̑šə̑m | šə̑m esse |
| 2SG: | essə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ esse |
| 3SG: | essə̑š | ə̑š esse |
| 1PL: | essə̑šna | ə̑šna esse |
| 2PL: | essə̑šda | ə̑šda esse |
| 3PL: | essə̑št | ə̑št esse |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | essenam | essen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | essenat | essen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | essen | essen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | essenna | essen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | essenda | essen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | essenə̑t | essen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | essem ə̑l'e | om esse ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | esset ə̑l'e | ot esse ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | essa ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš esse ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | essena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na esse ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | esseda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da esse ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | essat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t esse ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | essem ulmaš | om esse ulmaš |
| 2SG: | esset ulmaš | ot esse ulmaš |
| 3SG: | essa ulmaš | ok/ogeš esse ulmaš |
| 1PL: | essena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na esse ulmaš |
| 2PL: | esseda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da esse ulmaš |
| 3PL: | essat ulmaš | ogə̑t esse ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | essenam ə̑l'e | essen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | essenat ə̑l'e | essen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | essen ə̑l'e | essen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | essenna ə̑l'e | essen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | essenda ə̑l'e | essen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | essen ə̑l'e | essen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | essenam ulmaš | essen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | essenat ulmaš | essen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | essen ulmaš | essen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | essenna ulmaš | essen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | essenda ulmaš | essen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | essen ulmaš | essen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | esse | it esse |
| 3SG: | essə̑že | ə̑nže esse |
| 1PL: | (essena) | (ona/ogə̑na esse) |
| 2PL: | essə̑za | ida esse |
| 3PL: | essə̑št | ə̑nə̑št esse |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | essə̑nem | ə̑nem esse |
| 2SG: | essə̑net | ə̑net esse |
| 3SG: | essə̑neže | ə̑než esse |
| 1PL: | essə̑nena | ə̑nena esse |
| 2PL: | essə̑neda | ə̑neda esse |
| 3PL: | essə̑nešt | ə̑nešt esse |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | essə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem esse ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | essə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net esse ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | essə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než esse ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | essə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena esse ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | essə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda esse ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | essə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt esse ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | essə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net esse ulmaš |
| 3SG: | essə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než esse ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | essə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda esse ulmaš |
| 3PL: | essə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt esse ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | essaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | essə̑man |
| Active participle: | essə̑še |
| Passive participle: | essə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | essə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | essə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | essen |
| Negative gerund: | essə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | essə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | essə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | essə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | essə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | essə̑də̑maš |
