Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | öpke-sapkam | om öpke-sapka |
| 2SG: | öpke-sapkat | ot öpke-sapka |
| 3SG: | öpke-sapkaš | ok/ogeš öpke-sapka |
| 1PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na öpke-sapka |
| 2PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da öpke-sapka |
| 3PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑t | ogə̑t öpke-sapka |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | öpke-sapkaə̑m | šə̑m öpke-sapka |
| 2SG: | öpke-sapkaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ öpke-sapka |
| 3SG: | öpke-sapkaje | ə̑š öpke-sapka |
| 1PL: | öpke-sapkana | ə̑šna öpke-sapka |
| 2PL: | öpke-sapkada | ə̑šda öpke-sapka |
| 3PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑č́ | ə̑št öpke-sapka |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | öpke-sapkaə̑nam | öpke-sapkaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | öpke-sapkaə̑nat | öpke-sapkaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | öpke-sapkaə̑n | öpke-sapkaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑nna | öpke-sapkaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑nda | öpke-sapkaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑nə̑t | öpke-sapkaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | öpke-sapkam ə̑l'e | om öpke-sapka ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | öpke-sapkat ə̑l'e | ot öpke-sapka ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | öpke-sapkaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš öpke-sapka ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na öpke-sapka ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da öpke-sapka ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t öpke-sapka ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | öpke-sapkam ulmaš | om öpke-sapka ulmaš |
| 2SG: | öpke-sapkat ulmaš | ot öpke-sapka ulmaš |
| 3SG: | öpke-sapkaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš öpke-sapka ulmaš |
| 1PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na öpke-sapka ulmaš |
| 2PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da öpke-sapka ulmaš |
| 3PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t öpke-sapka ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | öpke-sapkaə̑nam ə̑l'e | öpke-sapkaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | öpke-sapkaə̑nat ə̑l'e | öpke-sapkaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | öpke-sapkaə̑n ə̑l'e | öpke-sapkaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑nna ə̑l'e | öpke-sapkaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑nda ə̑l'e | öpke-sapkaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | öpke-sapkaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | öpke-sapkaə̑nam ulmaš | öpke-sapkaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | öpke-sapkaə̑nat ulmaš | öpke-sapkaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | öpke-sapkaə̑n ulmaš | öpke-sapkaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑nna ulmaš | öpke-sapkaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑nda ulmaš | öpke-sapkaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | öpke-sapkaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | öpke-sapkaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | öpke-sapka | it öpke-sapka |
| 3SG: | öpke-sapkaže | ə̑nže öpke-sapka |
| 1PL: | (öpke-sapkaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na öpke-sapka) |
| 2PL: | öpke-sapkaza | ida öpke-sapka |
| 3PL: | öpke-sapkašt | ə̑nə̑št öpke-sapka |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | öpke-sapkanem | ə̑nem öpke-sapka |
| 2SG: | öpke-sapkanet | ə̑net öpke-sapka |
| 3SG: | öpke-sapkaneže | ə̑než öpke-sapka |
| 1PL: | öpke-sapkanena | ə̑nena öpke-sapka |
| 2PL: | öpke-sapkaneda | ə̑neda öpke-sapka |
| 3PL: | öpke-sapkanešt | ə̑nešt öpke-sapka |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | öpke-sapkanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem öpke-sapka ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | öpke-sapkanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net öpke-sapka ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | öpke-sapkaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než öpke-sapka ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | öpke-sapkanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena öpke-sapka ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | öpke-sapkaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda öpke-sapka ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | öpke-sapkanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt öpke-sapka ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | öpke-sapkanet ulmaš | ə̑net öpke-sapka ulmaš |
| 3SG: | öpke-sapkaneže ulmaš | ə̑než öpke-sapka ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | öpke-sapkaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda öpke-sapka ulmaš |
| 3PL: | öpke-sapkanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt öpke-sapka ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | öpke-sapkaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | öpke-sapkaman |
| Active participle: | öpke-sapkaše |
| Passive participle: | öpke-sapkame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | öpke-sapkašaš |
| Negative participle: | öpke-sapkadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | öpke-sapkaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | öpke-sapkade |
| Gerund of prior action: | öpke-sapkamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | öpke-sapkameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | öpke-sapkašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | öpke-sapkamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | öpke-sapkadə̑maš |
