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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ańkalam | om ańkal |
| 2SG: | ańkalat | ot ańkal |
| 3SG: | ańkaleš | ok/ogeš ańkal |
| 1PL: | ańkalə̑na | ona/ogə̑na ańkal |
| 2PL: | ańkalə̑da | oda/ogə̑da ańkal |
| 3PL: | ańkalə̑t | ogə̑t ańkal |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ańkal'ə̑m | šə̑m ańkal |
| 2SG: | ańkal'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ ańkal |
| 3SG: | ańkal'e | ə̑š ańkal |
| 1PL: | ańkalna | ə̑šna ańkal |
| 2PL: | ańkalda | ə̑šda ańkal |
| 3PL: | ańkal'ə̑č́ | ə̑št ańkal |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ańkalə̑nam | ańkalə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | ańkalə̑nat | ańkalə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | ańkalə̑n | ańkalə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | ańkalə̑nna | ańkalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | ańkalə̑nda | ańkalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | ańkalə̑nə̑t | ańkalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ańkalam ə̑l'e | om ańkal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ańkalat ə̑l'e | ot ańkal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ańkaleš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš ańkal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ańkalə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na ańkal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ańkalə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da ańkal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ańkalə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t ańkal ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ańkalam ulmaš | om ańkal ulmaš |
| 2SG: | ańkalat ulmaš | ot ańkal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ańkaleš ulmaš | ok/ogeš ańkal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | ańkalə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na ańkal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | ańkalə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da ańkal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ańkalə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t ańkal ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ańkalə̑nam ə̑l'e | ańkalə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ańkalə̑nat ə̑l'e | ańkalə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ańkalə̑n ə̑l'e | ańkalə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ańkalə̑nna ə̑l'e | ańkalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ańkalə̑nda ə̑l'e | ańkalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ańkalə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | ańkalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ańkalə̑nam ulmaš | ańkalə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | ańkalə̑nat ulmaš | ańkalə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ańkalə̑n ulmaš | ańkalə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | ańkalə̑nna ulmaš | ańkalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | ańkalə̑nda ulmaš | ańkalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ańkalə̑nə̑t ulmaš | ańkalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ańkal | it ańkal |
| 3SG: | ańkalže | ə̑nže ańkal |
| 1PL: | (ańkalə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na ańkal) |
| 2PL: | ańkalza | ida ańkal |
| 3PL: | ańkalə̑št | ə̑nə̑št ańkal |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ańkalnem | ə̑nem ańkal |
| 2SG: | ańkalnet | ə̑net ańkal |
| 3SG: | ańkalneže | ə̑než ańkal |
| 1PL: | ańkalnena | ə̑nena ańkal |
| 2PL: | ańkalneda | ə̑neda ańkal |
| 3PL: | ańkalnešt | ə̑nešt ańkal |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ańkalnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem ańkal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ańkalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net ańkal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ańkalneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než ańkal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ańkalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena ańkal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ańkalneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda ańkal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ańkalnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt ańkal ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ańkalnet ulmaš | ə̑net ańkal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ańkalneže ulmaš | ə̑než ańkal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ańkalneda ulmaš | ə̑neda ańkal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ańkalnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt ańkal ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ańkalaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ańkalman |
| Active participle: | ańkalše |
| Passive participle: | ańkalme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ańkalšaš |
| Negative participle: | ańkaldə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ańkalə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | ańkalde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ańkalmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ańkalmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ańkalšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | ańkalmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | ańkaldə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||