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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajam | om βenč́aj |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajat | ot βenč́aj |
| 3SG: | βenč́aješ | ok/ogeš βenč́aj |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajə̑na | ona/ogə̑na βenč́aj |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajə̑da | oda/ogə̑da βenč́aj |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajə̑t | ogə̑t βenč́aj |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajə̑m | šə̑m βenč́aj |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajə̑č́ | šə̑č́ βenč́aj |
| 3SG: | βenč́aje | ə̑š βenč́aj |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajna | ə̑šna βenč́aj |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajda | ə̑šda βenč́aj |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajə̑č́ | ə̑št βenč́aj |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajə̑nam | βenč́ajə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajə̑nat | βenč́ajə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | βenč́ajə̑n | βenč́ajə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajə̑nna | βenč́ajə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajə̑nda | βenč́ajə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajə̑nə̑t | βenč́ajə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajam ə̑l'e | om βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajat ə̑l'e | ot βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βenč́aješ ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajam ulmaš | om βenč́aj ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajat ulmaš | ot βenč́aj ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βenč́aješ ulmaš | ok/ogeš βenč́aj ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na βenč́aj ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da βenč́aj ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t βenč́aj ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajə̑nam ə̑l'e | βenč́ajə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajə̑nat ə̑l'e | βenč́ajə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βenč́ajə̑n ə̑l'e | βenč́ajə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajə̑nna ə̑l'e | βenč́ajə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajə̑nda ə̑l'e | βenč́ajə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | βenč́ajə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajə̑nam ulmaš | βenč́ajə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajə̑nat ulmaš | βenč́ajə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βenč́ajə̑n ulmaš | βenč́ajə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajə̑nna ulmaš | βenč́ajə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajə̑nda ulmaš | βenč́ajə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajə̑nə̑t ulmaš | βenč́ajə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βenč́aj | it βenč́aj |
| 3SG: | βenč́ajže | ə̑nže βenč́aj |
| 1PL: | (βenč́ajə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na βenč́aj) |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajza | ida βenč́aj |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajə̑št | ə̑nə̑št βenč́aj |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajnem | ə̑nem βenč́aj |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajnet | ə̑net βenč́aj |
| 3SG: | βenč́ajneže | ə̑než βenč́aj |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajnena | ə̑nena βenč́aj |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajneda | ə̑neda βenč́aj |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajnešt | ə̑nešt βenč́aj |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βenč́ajnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βenč́ajneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βenč́ajnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt βenč́aj ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βenč́ajnet ulmaš | ə̑net βenč́aj ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βenč́ajneže ulmaš | ə̑než βenč́aj ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βenč́ajneda ulmaš | ə̑neda βenč́aj ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βenč́ajnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt βenč́aj ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βenč́ajaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βenč́ajman |
| Active participle: | βenč́ajše |
| Passive participle: | βenč́ajme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βenč́ajšaš |
| Negative participle: | βenč́ajdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βenč́ajə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | βenč́ajde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βenč́ajmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βenč́ajmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βenč́ajšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | βenč́ajmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | βenč́ajdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||