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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktam | om βik |
| 2SG: | βiktat | ot βik |
| 3SG: | βikteš | ok/ogeš βik |
| 1PL: | βiktə̑na | ona/ogə̑na βik |
| 2PL: | βiktə̑da | oda/ogə̑da βik |
| 3PL: | βiktə̑t | ogə̑t βik |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktə̑m | šə̑m βik |
| 2SG: | βiktə̑č́ | šə̑č́ βik |
| 3SG: | βikte | ə̑š βik |
| 1PL: | βikna | ə̑šna βik |
| 2PL: | βikda | ə̑šda βik |
| 3PL: | βiktə̑č́ | ə̑št βik |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktə̑nam | βiktə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | βiktə̑nat | βiktə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | βiktə̑n | βiktə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | βiktə̑nna | βiktə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | βiktə̑nda | βiktə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | βiktə̑nə̑t | βiktə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktam ə̑l'e | om βik ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βiktat ə̑l'e | ot βik ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βikteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš βik ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βiktə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na βik ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βiktə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da βik ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βiktə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t βik ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktam ulmaš | om βik ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βiktat ulmaš | ot βik ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βikteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš βik ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βiktə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na βik ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βiktə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da βik ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βiktə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t βik ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktə̑nam ə̑l'e | βiktə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βiktə̑nat ə̑l'e | βiktə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βiktə̑n ə̑l'e | βiktə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βiktə̑nna ə̑l'e | βiktə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βiktə̑nda ə̑l'e | βiktə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βiktə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | βiktə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiktə̑nam ulmaš | βiktə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βiktə̑nat ulmaš | βiktə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βiktə̑n ulmaš | βiktə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βiktə̑nna ulmaš | βiktə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βiktə̑nda ulmaš | βiktə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βiktə̑nə̑t ulmaš | βiktə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βik | it βik |
| 3SG: | βikše | ə̑nže βik |
| 1PL: | (βiktə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na βik) |
| 2PL: | βiksa | ida βik |
| 3PL: | βiktə̑št | ə̑nə̑št βik |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiknem | ə̑nem βik |
| 2SG: | βiknet | ə̑net βik |
| 3SG: | βikneže | ə̑než βik |
| 1PL: | βiknena | ə̑nena βik |
| 2PL: | βikneda | ə̑neda βik |
| 3PL: | βiknešt | ə̑nešt βik |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βiknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem βik ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βiknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net βik ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βikneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než βik ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βiknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena βik ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βikneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda βik ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βiknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt βik ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βiknet ulmaš | ə̑net βik ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βikneže ulmaš | ə̑než βik ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βikneda ulmaš | ə̑neda βik ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βiknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt βik ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βiktaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βikman |
| Active participle: | βikše |
| Passive participle: | βikme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βikšaš |
| Negative participle: | βikdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βiktə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | βikde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βikmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βikmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βikšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | βikmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | βikdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||