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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βoraŋdam | om βoraŋd |
| 2SG: | βoraŋdat | ot βoraŋd |
| 3SG: | βoraŋdeš | ok/ogeš βoraŋd |
| 1PL: | βoraŋdə̑na | ona/ogə̑na βoraŋd |
| 2PL: | βoraŋdə̑da | oda/ogə̑da βoraŋd |
| 3PL: | βoraŋdə̑t | ogə̑t βoraŋd |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βoraŋdə̑m | šə̑m βoraŋd |
| 2SG: | βoraŋdə̑č́ | šə̑č́ βoraŋd |
| 3SG: | βoraŋde | ə̑š βoraŋd |
| 1PL: | βoraŋdna | ə̑šna βoraŋd |
| 2PL: | βoraŋdda | ə̑šda βoraŋd |
| 3PL: | βoraŋdə̑č́ | ə̑št βoraŋd |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βoraŋdə̑nam | βoraŋdə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | βoraŋdə̑nat | βoraŋdə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | βoraŋdə̑n | βoraŋdə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | βoraŋdə̑nna | βoraŋdə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | βoraŋdə̑nda | βoraŋdə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | βoraŋdə̑nə̑t | βoraŋdə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βoraŋdam ə̑l'e | om βoraŋd ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βoraŋdat ə̑l'e | ot βoraŋd ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βoraŋdeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš βoraŋd ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βoraŋdə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na βoraŋd ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βoraŋdə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da βoraŋd ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βoraŋdə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t βoraŋd ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βoraŋdam ulmaš | om βoraŋd ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βoraŋdat ulmaš | ot βoraŋd ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βoraŋdeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš βoraŋd ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βoraŋdə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na βoraŋd ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βoraŋdə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da βoraŋd ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βoraŋdə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t βoraŋd ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βoraŋdə̑nam ə̑l'e | βoraŋdə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βoraŋdə̑nat ə̑l'e | βoraŋdə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βoraŋdə̑n ə̑l'e | βoraŋdə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βoraŋdə̑nna ə̑l'e | βoraŋdə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βoraŋdə̑nda ə̑l'e | βoraŋdə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βoraŋdə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | βoraŋdə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βoraŋdə̑nam ulmaš | βoraŋdə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βoraŋdə̑nat ulmaš | βoraŋdə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βoraŋdə̑n ulmaš | βoraŋdə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βoraŋdə̑nna ulmaš | βoraŋdə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βoraŋdə̑nda ulmaš | βoraŋdə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βoraŋdə̑nə̑t ulmaš | βoraŋdə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βoraŋd | it βoraŋd |
| 3SG: | βoraŋdše | ə̑nže βoraŋd |
| 1PL: | (βoraŋdə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na βoraŋd) |
| 2PL: | βoraŋdsa | ida βoraŋd |
| 3PL: | βoraŋdə̑št | ə̑nə̑št βoraŋd |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βoraŋdnem | ə̑nem βoraŋd |
| 2SG: | βoraŋdnet | ə̑net βoraŋd |
| 3SG: | βoraŋdneže | ə̑než βoraŋd |
| 1PL: | βoraŋdnena | ə̑nena βoraŋd |
| 2PL: | βoraŋdneda | ə̑neda βoraŋd |
| 3PL: | βoraŋdnešt | ə̑nešt βoraŋd |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βoraŋdnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem βoraŋd ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βoraŋdnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net βoraŋd ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βoraŋdneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než βoraŋd ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βoraŋdnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena βoraŋd ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βoraŋdneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda βoraŋd ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βoraŋdnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt βoraŋd ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βoraŋdnet ulmaš | ə̑net βoraŋd ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βoraŋdneže ulmaš | ə̑než βoraŋd ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βoraŋdneda ulmaš | ə̑neda βoraŋd ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βoraŋdnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt βoraŋd ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βoraŋdaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βoraŋdman |
| Active participle: | βoraŋdše |
| Passive participle: | βoraŋdme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βoraŋdšaš |
| Negative participle: | βoraŋddə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βoraŋdə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | βoraŋdde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βoraŋdmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βoraŋdmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βoraŋdšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | βoraŋdmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | βoraŋddə̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||