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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam) |
| Genitive: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)ən |
| Dative: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)lan |
| Accusative: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)əm |
| Comparative: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)la |
| Comitative: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)ge |
| Inessive: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)əʃte |
| Illative: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)əʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jem |
| 2SG: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jet |
| 3SG: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)ʒe |
| 1PL: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)na |
| 2PL: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)da |
| 3PL: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)əʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlak |
| Plural (2): | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)la |
| Sociative Plural: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)mət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jem | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlak | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlakem, βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jem-βlak |
| Genitive: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jemən | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlakən | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlakemən, βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jem-βlakən |
| Dative: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jemlan, βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)lanem | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlaklan | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlakemlan, βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jeməm | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlakəm | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlakeməm, βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jemla, βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)lam | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlakla | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlakemla, βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jemge | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlakge | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlakemge, βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)əʃtem | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlakəʃte | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlakəʃtem, βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)əʃkem | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlakəʃ(ke) | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlakəʃkem, βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jeʃem | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlakeʃ | βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)-βlakeʃem, βoʃtkojaʃ (-jam)jem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||