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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βursaltam | om βursalt |
| 2SG: | βursaltat | ot βursalt |
| 3SG: | βursalteš | ok/ogeš βursalt |
| 1PL: | βursaltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na βursalt |
| 2PL: | βursaltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da βursalt |
| 3PL: | βursaltə̑t | ogə̑t βursalt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βursaltə̑m | šə̑m βursalt |
| 2SG: | βursaltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ βursalt |
| 3SG: | βursalte | ə̑š βursalt |
| 1PL: | βursaltna | ə̑šna βursalt |
| 2PL: | βursaltda | ə̑šda βursalt |
| 3PL: | βursaltə̑č́ | ə̑št βursalt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βursaltə̑nam | βursaltə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | βursaltə̑nat | βursaltə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | βursaltə̑n | βursaltə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | βursaltə̑nna | βursaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | βursaltə̑nda | βursaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | βursaltə̑nə̑t | βursaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βursaltam ə̑l'e | om βursalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βursaltat ə̑l'e | ot βursalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βursalteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš βursalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βursaltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na βursalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βursaltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da βursalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βursaltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t βursalt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βursaltam ulmaš | om βursalt ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βursaltat ulmaš | ot βursalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βursalteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš βursalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βursaltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na βursalt ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βursaltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da βursalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βursaltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t βursalt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βursaltə̑nam ə̑l'e | βursaltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βursaltə̑nat ə̑l'e | βursaltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βursaltə̑n ə̑l'e | βursaltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βursaltə̑nna ə̑l'e | βursaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βursaltə̑nda ə̑l'e | βursaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βursaltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | βursaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βursaltə̑nam ulmaš | βursaltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | βursaltə̑nat ulmaš | βursaltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βursaltə̑n ulmaš | βursaltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | βursaltə̑nna ulmaš | βursaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | βursaltə̑nda ulmaš | βursaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βursaltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | βursaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βursalt | it βursalt |
| 3SG: | βursaltše | ə̑nže βursalt |
| 1PL: | (βursaltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na βursalt) |
| 2PL: | βursaltsa | ida βursalt |
| 3PL: | βursaltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št βursalt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βursaltnem | ə̑nem βursalt |
| 2SG: | βursaltnet | ə̑net βursalt |
| 3SG: | βursaltneže | ə̑než βursalt |
| 1PL: | βursaltnena | ə̑nena βursalt |
| 2PL: | βursaltneda | ə̑neda βursalt |
| 3PL: | βursaltnešt | ə̑nešt βursalt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βursaltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem βursalt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | βursaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net βursalt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | βursaltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než βursalt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | βursaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena βursalt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | βursaltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda βursalt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | βursaltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt βursalt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βursaltnet ulmaš | ə̑net βursalt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | βursaltneže ulmaš | ə̑než βursalt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βursaltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda βursalt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | βursaltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt βursalt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βursaltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βursaltman |
| Active participle: | βursaltše |
| Passive participle: | βursaltme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βursaltšaš |
| Negative participle: | βursaltdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βursaltə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | βursaltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βursaltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βursaltmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βursaltšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | βursaltmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | βursaltdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||