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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βutkam | om βutk |
| 2SG: | βutkat | ot βutk |
| 3SG: | βutkeʃ | ok/ogeʃ βutk |
| 1PL: | βutkəna | ona/ogəna βutk |
| 2PL: | βutkəda | oda/ogəda βutk |
| 3PL: | βutkət | ogət βutk |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βutkəm | ʃəm βutk |
| 2SG: | βutkət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ βutk |
| 3SG: | βutko | əʃ βutk |
| 1PL: | βutkna | əʃna βutk |
| 2PL: | βutkda | əʃda βutk |
| 3PL: | βutkət͡ɕ | əʃt βutk |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βutkənam | βutkən oməl |
| 2SG: | βutkənat | βutkən otəl |
| 3SG: | βutkən | βutkən ogəl |
| 1PL: | βutkənːa | βutkən onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | βutkənda | βutkən odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | βutkənət | βutkən ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βutkam əʎe | om βutk əʎe |
| 2SG: | βutkat əʎe | ot βutk əʎe |
| 3SG: | βutkeʃ əʎe | ok/ogeʃ βutk əʎe |
| 1PL: | βutkəna əʎe | ona/ogəna βutk əʎe |
| 2PL: | βutkəda əʎe | oda/ogəda βutk əʎe |
| 3PL: | βutkət əʎe | ogət βutk əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βutkam ulmaʃ | om βutk ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | βutkat ulmaʃ | ot βutk ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βutkeʃ ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ βutk ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | βutkəna ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna βutk ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | βutkəda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda βutk ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βutkət ulmaʃ | ogət βutk ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βutkənam əʎe | βutkən oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | βutkənat əʎe | βutkən otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | βutkən əʎe | βutkən ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | βutkənːa əʎe | βutkən onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | βutkənda əʎe | βutkən odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | βutkənət əʎe | βutkən ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βutkənam ulmaʃ | βutkən oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | βutkənat ulmaʃ | βutkən otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βutkən ulmaʃ | βutkən ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | βutkənːa ulmaʃ | βutkən onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | βutkənda ulmaʃ | βutkən odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βutkənət ulmaʃ | βutkən ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βutk | it βutk |
| 3SG: | βutkʃo | ənʒe βutk |
| 1PL: | (βutkəna) | (ona/ogəna βutk) |
| 2PL: | βutksa | ida βutk |
| 3PL: | βutkəʃt | ənəʃt βutk |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βutknem | ənem βutk |
| 2SG: | βutknet | ənet βutk |
| 3SG: | βutkneʒe | əneʒ βutk |
| 1PL: | βutknena | ənena βutk |
| 2PL: | βutkneda | əneda βutk |
| 3PL: | βutkneʃt | əneʃt βutk |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | βutknem əʎe | ənem βutk əʎe |
| 2SG: | βutknena əʎe | ənet βutk əʎe |
| 3SG: | βutkneʒe əʎe | əneʒ βutk əʎe |
| 1PL: | βutknena əʎe | ənena βutk əʎe |
| 2PL: | βutkneda əʎe | əneda βutk əʎe |
| 3PL: | βutkneʃt əʎe | əneʃt βutk əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | βutknet ulmaʃ | ənet βutk ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | βutkneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ βutk ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | βutkneda ulmaʃ | əneda βutk ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | βutkneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt βutk ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | βutkaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | βutkman |
| Active participle: | βutkʃo |
| Passive participle: | βutkmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | βutkʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | βutkdəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | βutkən |
| Negative gerund: | βutkde |
| Gerund of prior action: | βutkmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | βutkmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | βutkʃəla |
| Nominalization: | βutkmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | βutkdəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||