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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joldam | om jold |
| 2SG: | joldat | ot jold |
| 3SG: | joldeš | ok/ogeš jold |
| 1PL: | joldə̑na | ona/ogə̑na jold |
| 2PL: | joldə̑da | oda/ogə̑da jold |
| 3PL: | joldə̑t | ogə̑t jold |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joldə̑m | šə̑m jold |
| 2SG: | joldə̑č́ | šə̑č́ jold |
| 3SG: | joldo | ə̑š jold |
| 1PL: | joldna | ə̑šna jold |
| 2PL: | joldda | ə̑šda jold |
| 3PL: | joldə̑č́ | ə̑št jold |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joldə̑nam | joldə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | joldə̑nat | joldə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | joldə̑n | joldə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | joldə̑nna | joldə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | joldə̑nda | joldə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | joldə̑nə̑t | joldə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joldam ə̑l'e | om jold ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | joldat ə̑l'e | ot jold ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | joldeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš jold ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | joldə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na jold ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | joldə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da jold ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | joldə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t jold ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joldam ulmaš | om jold ulmaš |
| 2SG: | joldat ulmaš | ot jold ulmaš |
| 3SG: | joldeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš jold ulmaš |
| 1PL: | joldə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na jold ulmaš |
| 2PL: | joldə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da jold ulmaš |
| 3PL: | joldə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t jold ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joldə̑nam ə̑l'e | joldə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | joldə̑nat ə̑l'e | joldə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | joldə̑n ə̑l'e | joldə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | joldə̑nna ə̑l'e | joldə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | joldə̑nda ə̑l'e | joldə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | joldə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | joldə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joldə̑nam ulmaš | joldə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | joldə̑nat ulmaš | joldə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | joldə̑n ulmaš | joldə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | joldə̑nna ulmaš | joldə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | joldə̑nda ulmaš | joldə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | joldə̑nə̑t ulmaš | joldə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jold | it jold |
| 3SG: | joldšo | ə̑nže jold |
| 1PL: | (joldə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na jold) |
| 2PL: | joldsa | ida jold |
| 3PL: | joldə̑št | ə̑nə̑št jold |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joldnem | ə̑nem jold |
| 2SG: | joldnet | ə̑net jold |
| 3SG: | joldneže | ə̑než jold |
| 1PL: | joldnena | ə̑nena jold |
| 2PL: | joldneda | ə̑neda jold |
| 3PL: | joldnešt | ə̑nešt jold |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | joldnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem jold ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | joldnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net jold ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | joldneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než jold ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | joldnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena jold ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | joldneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda jold ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | joldnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt jold ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | joldnet ulmaš | ə̑net jold ulmaš |
| 3SG: | joldneže ulmaš | ə̑než jold ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | joldneda ulmaš | ə̑neda jold ulmaš |
| 3PL: | joldnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt jold ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | joldaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | joldman |
| Active participle: | joldšo |
| Passive participle: | joldmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | joldšaš |
| Negative participle: | jolddə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | joldə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | joldde |
| Gerund of prior action: | joldmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | joldmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | joldšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | joldmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | jolddə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||