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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jə̑štlanam | om jə̑štlan |
| 2SG: | jə̑štlanat | ot jə̑štlan |
| 3SG: | jə̑štlaneš | ok/ogeš jə̑štlan |
| 1PL: | jə̑štlanə̑na | ona/ogə̑na jə̑štlan |
| 2PL: | jə̑štlanə̑da | oda/ogə̑da jə̑štlan |
| 3PL: | jə̑štlanə̑t | ogə̑t jə̑štlan |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jə̑štlańə̑m | šə̑m jə̑štlan |
| 2SG: | jə̑štlańə̑č́ | šə̑č́ jə̑štlan |
| 3SG: | jə̑štlańe | ə̑š jə̑štlan |
| 1PL: | jə̑štlanna | ə̑šna jə̑štlan |
| 2PL: | jə̑štlanda | ə̑šda jə̑štlan |
| 3PL: | jə̑štlańə̑č́ | ə̑št jə̑štlan |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jə̑štlanə̑nam | jə̑štlanə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | jə̑štlanə̑nat | jə̑štlanə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | jə̑štlanə̑n | jə̑štlanə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | jə̑štlanə̑nna | jə̑štlanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | jə̑štlanə̑nda | jə̑štlanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | jə̑štlanə̑nə̑t | jə̑štlanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jə̑štlanam ə̑l'e | om jə̑štlan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jə̑štlanat ə̑l'e | ot jə̑štlan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jə̑štlaneš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš jə̑štlan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jə̑štlanə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na jə̑štlan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jə̑štlanə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da jə̑štlan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jə̑štlanə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t jə̑štlan ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jə̑štlanam ulmaš | om jə̑štlan ulmaš |
| 2SG: | jə̑štlanat ulmaš | ot jə̑štlan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jə̑štlaneš ulmaš | ok/ogeš jə̑štlan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | jə̑štlanə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na jə̑štlan ulmaš |
| 2PL: | jə̑štlanə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da jə̑štlan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jə̑štlanə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t jə̑štlan ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jə̑štlanə̑nam ə̑l'e | jə̑štlanə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jə̑štlanə̑nat ə̑l'e | jə̑štlanə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jə̑štlanə̑n ə̑l'e | jə̑štlanə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jə̑štlanə̑nna ə̑l'e | jə̑štlanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jə̑štlanə̑nda ə̑l'e | jə̑štlanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jə̑štlanə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | jə̑štlanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jə̑štlanə̑nam ulmaš | jə̑štlanə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | jə̑štlanə̑nat ulmaš | jə̑štlanə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jə̑štlanə̑n ulmaš | jə̑štlanə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | jə̑štlanə̑nna ulmaš | jə̑štlanə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | jə̑štlanə̑nda ulmaš | jə̑štlanə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jə̑štlanə̑nə̑t ulmaš | jə̑štlanə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jə̑štlan | it jə̑štlan |
| 3SG: | jə̑štlanže | ə̑nže jə̑štlan |
| 1PL: | (jə̑štlanə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na jə̑štlan) |
| 2PL: | jə̑štlanza | ida jə̑štlan |
| 3PL: | jə̑štlanə̑št | ə̑nə̑št jə̑štlan |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jə̑štlannem | ə̑nem jə̑štlan |
| 2SG: | jə̑štlannet | ə̑net jə̑štlan |
| 3SG: | jə̑štlanneže | ə̑než jə̑štlan |
| 1PL: | jə̑štlannena | ə̑nena jə̑štlan |
| 2PL: | jə̑štlanneda | ə̑neda jə̑štlan |
| 3PL: | jə̑štlannešt | ə̑nešt jə̑štlan |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jə̑štlannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem jə̑štlan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | jə̑štlannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net jə̑štlan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | jə̑štlanneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než jə̑štlan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | jə̑štlannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena jə̑štlan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | jə̑štlanneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda jə̑štlan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | jə̑štlannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt jə̑štlan ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jə̑štlannet ulmaš | ə̑net jə̑štlan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | jə̑štlanneže ulmaš | ə̑než jə̑štlan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | jə̑štlanneda ulmaš | ə̑neda jə̑štlan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | jə̑štlannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt jə̑štlan ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | jə̑štlanaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | jə̑štlanman |
| Active participle: | jə̑štlanše |
| Passive participle: | jə̑štlanme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | jə̑štlanšaš |
| Negative participle: | jə̑štlandə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | jə̑štlanə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | jə̑štlande |
| Gerund of prior action: | jə̑štlanmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | jə̑štlanmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | jə̑štlanšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | jə̑štlanmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | jə̑štlandə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||