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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kakam | om kak |
| 2SG: | kakat | ot kak |
| 3SG: | kakeš | ok/ogeš kak |
| 1PL: | kakə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kak |
| 2PL: | kakə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kak |
| 3PL: | kakə̑t | ogə̑t kak |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kakə̑m | šə̑m kak |
| 2SG: | kakə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kak |
| 3SG: | kake | ə̑š kak |
| 1PL: | kakna | ə̑šna kak |
| 2PL: | kakda | ə̑šda kak |
| 3PL: | kakə̑č́ | ə̑št kak |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kakə̑nam | kakə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kakə̑nat | kakə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kakə̑n | kakə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kakə̑nna | kakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kakə̑nda | kakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kakə̑nə̑t | kakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kakam ə̑l'e | om kak ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kakat ə̑l'e | ot kak ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kakeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kak ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kakə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kak ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kakə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kak ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kakə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kak ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kakam ulmaš | om kak ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kakat ulmaš | ot kak ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kakeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kak ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kakə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kak ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kakə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kak ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kakə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kak ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kakə̑nam ə̑l'e | kakə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kakə̑nat ə̑l'e | kakə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kakə̑n ə̑l'e | kakə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kakə̑nna ə̑l'e | kakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kakə̑nda ə̑l'e | kakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kakə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kakə̑nam ulmaš | kakə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kakə̑nat ulmaš | kakə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kakə̑n ulmaš | kakə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kakə̑nna ulmaš | kakə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kakə̑nda ulmaš | kakə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kakə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kakə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kak | it kak |
| 3SG: | kakše | ə̑nže kak |
| 1PL: | (kakə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kak) |
| 2PL: | kaksa | ida kak |
| 3PL: | kakə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kak |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaknem | ə̑nem kak |
| 2SG: | kaknet | ə̑net kak |
| 3SG: | kakneže | ə̑než kak |
| 1PL: | kaknena | ə̑nena kak |
| 2PL: | kakneda | ə̑neda kak |
| 3PL: | kaknešt | ə̑nešt kak |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kak ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kak ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kakneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kak ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kak ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kakneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kak ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kak ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaknet ulmaš | ə̑net kak ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kakneže ulmaš | ə̑než kak ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kakneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kak ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kak ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kakaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kakman |
| Active participle: | kakše |
| Passive participle: | kakme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kakšaš |
| Negative participle: | kakdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kakə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kakde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kakmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kakmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kakšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kakmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kakdə̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||