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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlam | om kal'kiroβatl |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlat | ot kal'kiroβatl |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatleš | ok/ogeš kal'kiroβatl |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kal'kiroβatl |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kal'kiroβatl |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑t | ogə̑t kal'kiroβatl |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatl'ə̑m | šə̑m kal'kiroβatl |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatl'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kal'kiroβatl |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatl'e | ə̑š kal'kiroβatl |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlna | ə̑šna kal'kiroβatl |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlda | ə̑šda kal'kiroβatl |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatl'ə̑č́ | ə̑št kal'kiroβatl |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nam | kal'kiroβatlə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nat | kal'kiroβatlə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑n | kal'kiroβatlə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nna | kal'kiroβatlə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nda | kal'kiroβatlə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nə̑t | kal'kiroβatlə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlam ə̑l'e | om kal'kiroβatl ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlat ə̑l'e | ot kal'kiroβatl ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatleš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kal'kiroβatl ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kal'kiroβatl ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kal'kiroβatl ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kal'kiroβatl ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlam ulmaš | om kal'kiroβatl ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlat ulmaš | ot kal'kiroβatl ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatleš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kal'kiroβatl ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kal'kiroβatl ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kal'kiroβatl ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kal'kiroβatl ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nam ə̑l'e | kal'kiroβatlə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nat ə̑l'e | kal'kiroβatlə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑n ə̑l'e | kal'kiroβatlə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nna ə̑l'e | kal'kiroβatlə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nda ə̑l'e | kal'kiroβatlə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kal'kiroβatlə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nam ulmaš | kal'kiroβatlə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nat ulmaš | kal'kiroβatlə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatlə̑n ulmaš | kal'kiroβatlə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nna ulmaš | kal'kiroβatlə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nda ulmaš | kal'kiroβatlə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kal'kiroβatlə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatl | it kal'kiroβatl |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatlže | ə̑nže kal'kiroβatl |
| 1PL: | (kal'kiroβatlə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kal'kiroβatl) |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlza | ida kal'kiroβatl |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kal'kiroβatl |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlnem | ə̑nem kal'kiroβatl |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlnet | ə̑net kal'kiroβatl |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatlneže | ə̑než kal'kiroβatl |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlnena | ə̑nena kal'kiroβatl |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlneda | ə̑neda kal'kiroβatl |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlnešt | ə̑nešt kal'kiroβatl |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kal'kiroβatlnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kal'kiroβatl ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kal'kiroβatl ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatlneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kal'kiroβatl ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kal'kiroβatlnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kal'kiroβatl ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kal'kiroβatl ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kal'kiroβatl ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kal'kiroβatlnet ulmaš | ə̑net kal'kiroβatl ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kal'kiroβatlneže ulmaš | ə̑než kal'kiroβatl ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kal'kiroβatlneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kal'kiroβatl ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kal'kiroβatlnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kal'kiroβatl ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kal'kiroβatlaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kal'kiroβatlman |
| Active participle: | kal'kiroβatlše |
| Passive participle: | kal'kiroβatlme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kal'kiroβatlšaš |
| Negative participle: | kal'kiroβatldə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kal'kiroβatlə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kal'kiroβatlde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kal'kiroβatlmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kal'kiroβatlmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kal'kiroβatlšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kal'kiroβatlmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kal'kiroβatldə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||