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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaplandaram | om kaplandar |
| 2SG: | kaplandarat | ot kaplandar |
| 3SG: | kaplandareš | ok/ogeš kaplandar |
| 1PL: | kaplandarə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kaplandar |
| 2PL: | kaplandarə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kaplandar |
| 3PL: | kaplandarə̑t | ogə̑t kaplandar |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaplandarə̑m | šə̑m kaplandar |
| 2SG: | kaplandarə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kaplandar |
| 3SG: | kaplandare | ə̑š kaplandar |
| 1PL: | kaplandarna | ə̑šna kaplandar |
| 2PL: | kaplandarda | ə̑šda kaplandar |
| 3PL: | kaplandarə̑č́ | ə̑št kaplandar |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaplandarə̑nam | kaplandarə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kaplandarə̑nat | kaplandarə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kaplandarə̑n | kaplandarə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kaplandarə̑nna | kaplandarə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kaplandarə̑nda | kaplandarə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kaplandarə̑nə̑t | kaplandarə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaplandaram ə̑l'e | om kaplandar ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaplandarat ə̑l'e | ot kaplandar ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaplandareš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kaplandar ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaplandarə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kaplandar ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaplandarə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kaplandar ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaplandarə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kaplandar ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaplandaram ulmaš | om kaplandar ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaplandarat ulmaš | ot kaplandar ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaplandareš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kaplandar ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaplandarə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kaplandar ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaplandarə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kaplandar ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaplandarə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kaplandar ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaplandarə̑nam ə̑l'e | kaplandarə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaplandarə̑nat ə̑l'e | kaplandarə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaplandarə̑n ə̑l'e | kaplandarə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaplandarə̑nna ə̑l'e | kaplandarə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaplandarə̑nda ə̑l'e | kaplandarə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaplandarə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kaplandarə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaplandarə̑nam ulmaš | kaplandarə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaplandarə̑nat ulmaš | kaplandarə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaplandarə̑n ulmaš | kaplandarə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaplandarə̑nna ulmaš | kaplandarə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaplandarə̑nda ulmaš | kaplandarə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaplandarə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kaplandarə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaplandar | it kaplandar |
| 3SG: | kaplandarže | ə̑nže kaplandar |
| 1PL: | (kaplandarə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kaplandar) |
| 2PL: | kaplandarza | ida kaplandar |
| 3PL: | kaplandarə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kaplandar |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaplandarnem | ə̑nem kaplandar |
| 2SG: | kaplandarnet | ə̑net kaplandar |
| 3SG: | kaplandarneže | ə̑než kaplandar |
| 1PL: | kaplandarnena | ə̑nena kaplandar |
| 2PL: | kaplandarneda | ə̑neda kaplandar |
| 3PL: | kaplandarnešt | ə̑nešt kaplandar |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaplandarnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kaplandar ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaplandarnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kaplandar ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaplandarneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kaplandar ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaplandarnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kaplandar ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaplandarneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kaplandar ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaplandarnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kaplandar ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaplandarnet ulmaš | ə̑net kaplandar ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaplandarneže ulmaš | ə̑než kaplandar ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kaplandarneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kaplandar ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaplandarnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kaplandar ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kaplandaraš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kaplandarman |
| Active participle: | kaplandarše |
| Passive participle: | kaplandarme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kaplandaršaš |
| Negative participle: | kaplandardə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kaplandarə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kaplandarde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kaplandarmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kaplandarmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kaplandaršə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kaplandarmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kaplandardə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||