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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaškam | om kaš |
| 2SG: | kaškat | ot kaš |
| 3SG: | kaškeš | ok/ogeš kaš |
| 1PL: | kaškə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kaš |
| 2PL: | kaškə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kaš |
| 3PL: | kaškə̑t | ogə̑t kaš |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaškə̑m | šə̑m kaš |
| 2SG: | kaškə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kaš |
| 3SG: | kaške | ə̑š kaš |
| 1PL: | kašna | ə̑šna kaš |
| 2PL: | kašda | ə̑šda kaš |
| 3PL: | kaškə̑č́ | ə̑št kaš |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaškə̑nam | kaškə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kaškə̑nat | kaškə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kaškə̑n | kaškə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kaškə̑nna | kaškə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kaškə̑nda | kaškə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kaškə̑nə̑t | kaškə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaškam ə̑l'e | om kaš ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaškat ə̑l'e | ot kaš ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaškeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kaš ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaškə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kaš ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaškə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kaš ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaškə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kaš ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaškam ulmaš | om kaš ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaškat ulmaš | ot kaš ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaškeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kaš ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaškə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kaš ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaškə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kaš ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaškə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kaš ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaškə̑nam ə̑l'e | kaškə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kaškə̑nat ə̑l'e | kaškə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kaškə̑n ə̑l'e | kaškə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kaškə̑nna ə̑l'e | kaškə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kaškə̑nda ə̑l'e | kaškə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kaškə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kaškə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kaškə̑nam ulmaš | kaškə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kaškə̑nat ulmaš | kaškə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kaškə̑n ulmaš | kaškə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kaškə̑nna ulmaš | kaškə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kaškə̑nda ulmaš | kaškə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kaškə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kaškə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kaš | it kaš |
| 3SG: | kašše | ə̑nže kaš |
| 1PL: | (kaškə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kaš) |
| 2PL: | kašsa | ida kaš |
| 3PL: | kaškə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kaš |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kašnem | ə̑nem kaš |
| 2SG: | kašnet | ə̑net kaš |
| 3SG: | kašneže | ə̑než kaš |
| 1PL: | kašnena | ə̑nena kaš |
| 2PL: | kašneda | ə̑neda kaš |
| 3PL: | kašnešt | ə̑nešt kaš |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kašnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kaš ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kašnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kaš ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kašneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kaš ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kašnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kaš ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kašneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kaš ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kašnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kaš ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kašnet ulmaš | ə̑net kaš ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kašneže ulmaš | ə̑než kaš ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kašneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kaš ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kašnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kaš ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kaškaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kašman |
| Active participle: | kašše |
| Passive participle: | kašme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kaššaš |
| Negative participle: | kašdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kaškə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kašde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kašmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kašmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kaššə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kašmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kašdə̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||