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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žgam | om koβə̑žg |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žgat | ot koβə̑žg |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žgeš | ok/ogeš koβə̑žg |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žgə̑na | ona/ogə̑na koβə̑žg |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žgə̑da | oda/ogə̑da koβə̑žg |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žgə̑t | ogə̑t koβə̑žg |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žgə̑m | šə̑m koβə̑žg |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žgə̑č́ | šə̑č́ koβə̑žg |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žgo | ə̑š koβə̑žg |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žgna | ə̑šna koβə̑žg |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žgda | ə̑šda koβə̑žg |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žgə̑č́ | ə̑št koβə̑žg |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žgə̑nam | koβə̑žgə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žgə̑nat | koβə̑žgə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žgə̑n | koβə̑žgə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žgə̑nna | koβə̑žgə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žgə̑nda | koβə̑žgə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žgə̑nə̑t | koβə̑žgə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žgam ə̑l'e | om koβə̑žg ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žgat ə̑l'e | ot koβə̑žg ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žgeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš koβə̑žg ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žgə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na koβə̑žg ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žgə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da koβə̑žg ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žgə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t koβə̑žg ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žgam ulmaš | om koβə̑žg ulmaš |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žgat ulmaš | ot koβə̑žg ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žgeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš koβə̑žg ulmaš |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žgə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na koβə̑žg ulmaš |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žgə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da koβə̑žg ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žgə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t koβə̑žg ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žgə̑nam ə̑l'e | koβə̑žgə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žgə̑nat ə̑l'e | koβə̑žgə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žgə̑n ə̑l'e | koβə̑žgə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žgə̑nna ə̑l'e | koβə̑žgə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žgə̑nda ə̑l'e | koβə̑žgə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žgə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | koβə̑žgə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žgə̑nam ulmaš | koβə̑žgə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žgə̑nat ulmaš | koβə̑žgə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žgə̑n ulmaš | koβə̑žgə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žgə̑nna ulmaš | koβə̑žgə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žgə̑nda ulmaš | koβə̑žgə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žgə̑nə̑t ulmaš | koβə̑žgə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žg | it koβə̑žg |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žgšo | ə̑nže koβə̑žg |
| 1PL: | (koβə̑žgə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na koβə̑žg) |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žgsa | ida koβə̑žg |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žgə̑št | ə̑nə̑št koβə̑žg |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žgnem | ə̑nem koβə̑žg |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žgnet | ə̑net koβə̑žg |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žgneže | ə̑než koβə̑žg |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žgnena | ə̑nena koβə̑žg |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žgneda | ə̑neda koβə̑žg |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žgnešt | ə̑nešt koβə̑žg |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koβə̑žgnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem koβə̑žg ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žgnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net koβə̑žg ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žgneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než koβə̑žg ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koβə̑žgnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena koβə̑žg ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žgneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda koβə̑žg ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žgnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt koβə̑žg ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koβə̑žgnet ulmaš | ə̑net koβə̑žg ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koβə̑žgneže ulmaš | ə̑než koβə̑žg ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | koβə̑žgneda ulmaš | ə̑neda koβə̑žg ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koβə̑žgnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt koβə̑žg ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | koβə̑žgaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | koβə̑žgman |
| Active participle: | koβə̑žgšo |
| Passive participle: | koβə̑žgmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | koβə̑žgšaš |
| Negative participle: | koβə̑žgdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | koβə̑žgə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | koβə̑žgde |
| Gerund of prior action: | koβə̑žgmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | koβə̑žgmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | koβə̑žgšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | koβə̑žgmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | koβə̑žgdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||