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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kojdarkalam | om kojdarkal |
| 2SG: | kojdarkalat | ot kojdarkal |
| 3SG: | kojdarkaleš | ok/ogeš kojdarkal |
| 1PL: | kojdarkalə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kojdarkal |
| 2PL: | kojdarkalə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kojdarkal |
| 3PL: | kojdarkalə̑t | ogə̑t kojdarkal |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kojdarkal'ə̑m | šə̑m kojdarkal |
| 2SG: | kojdarkal'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kojdarkal |
| 3SG: | kojdarkal'e | ə̑š kojdarkal |
| 1PL: | kojdarkalna | ə̑šna kojdarkal |
| 2PL: | kojdarkalda | ə̑šda kojdarkal |
| 3PL: | kojdarkal'ə̑č́ | ə̑št kojdarkal |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kojdarkalə̑nam | kojdarkalə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kojdarkalə̑nat | kojdarkalə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kojdarkalə̑n | kojdarkalə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kojdarkalə̑nna | kojdarkalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kojdarkalə̑nda | kojdarkalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kojdarkalə̑nə̑t | kojdarkalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kojdarkalam ə̑l'e | om kojdarkal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kojdarkalat ə̑l'e | ot kojdarkal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kojdarkaleš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kojdarkal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kojdarkalə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kojdarkal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kojdarkalə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kojdarkal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kojdarkalə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kojdarkal ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kojdarkalam ulmaš | om kojdarkal ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kojdarkalat ulmaš | ot kojdarkal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kojdarkaleš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kojdarkal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kojdarkalə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kojdarkal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kojdarkalə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kojdarkal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kojdarkalə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kojdarkal ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kojdarkalə̑nam ə̑l'e | kojdarkalə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kojdarkalə̑nat ə̑l'e | kojdarkalə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kojdarkalə̑n ə̑l'e | kojdarkalə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kojdarkalə̑nna ə̑l'e | kojdarkalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kojdarkalə̑nda ə̑l'e | kojdarkalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kojdarkalə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | kojdarkalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kojdarkalə̑nam ulmaš | kojdarkalə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kojdarkalə̑nat ulmaš | kojdarkalə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kojdarkalə̑n ulmaš | kojdarkalə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kojdarkalə̑nna ulmaš | kojdarkalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kojdarkalə̑nda ulmaš | kojdarkalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kojdarkalə̑nə̑t ulmaš | kojdarkalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kojdarkal | it kojdarkal |
| 3SG: | kojdarkalže | ə̑nže kojdarkal |
| 1PL: | (kojdarkalə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kojdarkal) |
| 2PL: | kojdarkalza | ida kojdarkal |
| 3PL: | kojdarkalə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kojdarkal |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kojdarkalnem | ə̑nem kojdarkal |
| 2SG: | kojdarkalnet | ə̑net kojdarkal |
| 3SG: | kojdarkalneže | ə̑než kojdarkal |
| 1PL: | kojdarkalnena | ə̑nena kojdarkal |
| 2PL: | kojdarkalneda | ə̑neda kojdarkal |
| 3PL: | kojdarkalnešt | ə̑nešt kojdarkal |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kojdarkalnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kojdarkal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kojdarkalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kojdarkal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kojdarkalneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kojdarkal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kojdarkalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kojdarkal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kojdarkalneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kojdarkal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kojdarkalnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kojdarkal ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kojdarkalnet ulmaš | ə̑net kojdarkal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kojdarkalneže ulmaš | ə̑než kojdarkal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kojdarkalneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kojdarkal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kojdarkalnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kojdarkal ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kojdarkalaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kojdarkalman |
| Active participle: | kojdarkalše |
| Passive participle: | kojdarkalme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kojdarkalšaš |
| Negative participle: | kojdarkaldə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kojdarkalə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | kojdarkalde |
| Gerund of prior action: | kojdarkalmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kojdarkalmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kojdarkalšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kojdarkalmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | kojdarkaldə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||