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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koltam | om kolt |
| 2SG: | koltat | ot kolt |
| 3SG: | kolteš | ok/ogeš kolt |
| 1PL: | koltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na kolt |
| 2PL: | koltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da kolt |
| 3PL: | koltə̑t | ogə̑t kolt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koltə̑m | šə̑m kolt |
| 2SG: | koltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kolt |
| 3SG: | kolto | ə̑š kolt |
| 1PL: | koltna | ə̑šna kolt |
| 2PL: | koltda | ə̑šda kolt |
| 3PL: | koltə̑č́ | ə̑št kolt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koltə̑nam | koltə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | koltə̑nat | koltə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | koltə̑n | koltə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | koltə̑nna | koltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | koltə̑nda | koltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | koltə̑nə̑t | koltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koltam ə̑l'e | om kolt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koltat ə̑l'e | ot kolt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kolteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kolt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kolt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kolt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kolt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koltam ulmaš | om kolt ulmaš |
| 2SG: | koltat ulmaš | ot kolt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kolteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš kolt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | koltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kolt ulmaš |
| 2PL: | koltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kolt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t kolt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koltə̑nam ə̑l'e | koltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koltə̑nat ə̑l'e | koltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koltə̑n ə̑l'e | koltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koltə̑nna ə̑l'e | koltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koltə̑nda ə̑l'e | koltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | koltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koltə̑nam ulmaš | koltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | koltə̑nat ulmaš | koltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koltə̑n ulmaš | koltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | koltə̑nna ulmaš | koltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | koltə̑nda ulmaš | koltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | koltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kolt | it kolt |
| 3SG: | koltšo | ə̑nže kolt |
| 1PL: | (koltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na kolt) |
| 2PL: | koltsa | ida kolt |
| 3PL: | koltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kolt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koltnem | ə̑nem kolt |
| 2SG: | koltnet | ə̑net kolt |
| 3SG: | koltneže | ə̑než kolt |
| 1PL: | koltnena | ə̑nena kolt |
| 2PL: | koltneda | ə̑neda kolt |
| 3PL: | koltnešt | ə̑nešt kolt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | koltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kolt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | koltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kolt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | koltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kolt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | koltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kolt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | koltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kolt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | koltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kolt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | koltnet ulmaš | ə̑net kolt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | koltneže ulmaš | ə̑než kolt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | koltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda kolt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | koltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kolt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | koltaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | koltman |
| Active participle: | koltšo |
| Passive participle: | koltmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | koltšaš |
| Negative participle: | koltdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | koltə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | koltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | koltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | koltmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | koltšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | koltmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | koltdə̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||