Paradigm Generator
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Paradigm Generator

   ● Nominal ○ Verb ○ Postposition
Orthography: ○ Cyrillic ○ UPA ● IPA

You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.


Case Suffixes

Nominative:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)
Genitive:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)ən
Dative:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)lan
Accusative:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)əm
Comparative:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)la
Comitative:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)ge
Inessive:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)əʃte
Illative:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)əʃ(ke)
Lative:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jeʃ

Possessive Suffixes

1SG:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jem
2SG:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jet
3SG:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)ʒe
1PL:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)na
2PL:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)da
3PL:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)əʃt

Number Suffixes

Plural (1):kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlak
Plural (2):kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-ʃamət͡ɕ
Short Plural:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)la
Sociative Plural:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)mət

Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)

For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.

CaseCx + PxCx + NxCx + Px + Nx
Nominative:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jemkugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlakkugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlakem,
kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jem-βlak
Genitive:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jemənkugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlakənkugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlakemən,
kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jem-βlakən
Dative:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jemlan,
kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)lanem
kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlaklankugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlakemlan,
kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jem-βlaklan
Accusative:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jeməmkugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlakəmkugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlakeməm,
kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jem-βlakəm
Comparative:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jemla,
kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)lam
kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlaklakugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlakemla,
kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jem-βlakla
Comitative:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jemgekugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlakgekugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlakemge,
kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jem-βlakge
Inessive:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)əʃtemkugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlakəʃtekugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlakəʃtem,
kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jem-βlakəʃte
Illative:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)əʃkemkugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlakəʃ(ke)kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlakəʃkem,
kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jem-βlakəʃ(ke)
Lative:kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jeʃemkugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlakeʃkugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)-βlakeʃem,
kugeʃnəlaʃ (-am)jem-βlakeʃ


Last update: 10 August 2023