Paradigm Generator

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Paradigm Generator

Indicative Present

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdam	om lapkaŋd
2SG:	lapkaŋdat	ot lapkaŋd
3SG:	lapkaŋdeš	ok/ogeš lapkaŋd
1PL:	lapkaŋdə̑na	ona/ogə̑na lapkaŋd
2PL:	lapkaŋdə̑da	oda/ogə̑da lapkaŋd
3PL:	lapkaŋdə̑t	ogə̑t lapkaŋd

Indicative Simple Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdə̑m	šə̑m lapkaŋd
2SG:	lapkaŋdə̑č́	šə̑č́ lapkaŋd
3SG:	lapkaŋde	ə̑š lapkaŋd
1PL:	lapkaŋdna	ə̑šna lapkaŋd
2PL:	lapkaŋdda	ə̑šda lapkaŋd
3PL:	lapkaŋdə̑č́	ə̑št lapkaŋd

Indicative Simple Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdə̑nam	lapkaŋdə̑n omə̑l
2SG:	lapkaŋdə̑nat	lapkaŋdə̑n otə̑l
3SG:	lapkaŋdə̑n	lapkaŋdə̑n ogə̑l
1PL:	lapkaŋdə̑nna	lapkaŋdə̑n onal/ogə̑nal
2PL:	lapkaŋdə̑nda	lapkaŋdə̑n odal/ogə̑dal
3PL:	lapkaŋdə̑nə̑t	lapkaŋdə̑n ogə̑tə̑l

Indicative Compound Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdam ə̑l'e	om lapkaŋd ə̑l'e
2SG:	lapkaŋdat ə̑l'e	ot lapkaŋd ə̑l'e
3SG:	lapkaŋdeš ə̑l'e	ok/ogeš lapkaŋd ə̑l'e
1PL:	lapkaŋdə̑na ə̑l'e	ona/ogə̑na lapkaŋd ə̑l'e
2PL:	lapkaŋdə̑da ə̑l'e	oda/ogə̑da lapkaŋd ə̑l'e
3PL:	lapkaŋdə̑t ə̑l'e	ogə̑t lapkaŋd ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdam ulmaš	om lapkaŋd ulmaš
2SG:	lapkaŋdat ulmaš	ot lapkaŋd ulmaš
3SG:	lapkaŋdeš ulmaš	ok/ogeš lapkaŋd ulmaš
1PL:	lapkaŋdə̑na ulmaš	ona/ogə̑na lapkaŋd ulmaš
2PL:	lapkaŋdə̑da ulmaš	oda/ogə̑da lapkaŋd ulmaš
3PL:	lapkaŋdə̑t ulmaš	ogə̑t lapkaŋd ulmaš

Indicative Compound Past III

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdə̑nam ə̑l'e	lapkaŋdə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e
2SG:	lapkaŋdə̑nat ə̑l'e	lapkaŋdə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e
3SG:	lapkaŋdə̑n ə̑l'e	lapkaŋdə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e
1PL:	lapkaŋdə̑nna ə̑l'e	lapkaŋdə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e
2PL:	lapkaŋdə̑nda ə̑l'e	lapkaŋdə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e
3PL:	lapkaŋdə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e	lapkaŋdə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e

Indicative Compound Past IV

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdə̑nam ulmaš	lapkaŋdə̑n omə̑l ulmaš
2SG:	lapkaŋdə̑nat ulmaš	lapkaŋdə̑n otə̑l ulmaš
3SG:	lapkaŋdə̑n ulmaš	lapkaŋdə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš
1PL:	lapkaŋdə̑nna ulmaš	lapkaŋdə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš
2PL:	lapkaŋdə̑nda ulmaš	lapkaŋdə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš
3PL:	lapkaŋdə̑nə̑t ulmaš	lapkaŋdə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš

Imperative

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	/	/
2SG:	lapkaŋd	it lapkaŋd
3SG:	lapkaŋdše	ə̑nže lapkaŋd
1PL:	(lapkaŋdə̑na)	(ona/ogə̑na lapkaŋd)
2PL:	lapkaŋdsa	ida lapkaŋd
3PL:	lapkaŋdə̑št	ə̑nə̑št lapkaŋd

Desiderative Present

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdnem	ə̑nem lapkaŋd
2SG:	lapkaŋdnet	ə̑net lapkaŋd
3SG:	lapkaŋdneže	ə̑než lapkaŋd
1PL:	lapkaŋdnena	ə̑nena lapkaŋd
2PL:	lapkaŋdneda	ə̑neda lapkaŋd
3PL:	lapkaŋdnešt	ə̑nešt lapkaŋd

Desiderative Past I

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	lapkaŋdnem ə̑l'e	ə̑nem lapkaŋd ə̑l'e
2SG:	lapkaŋdnena ə̑l'e	ə̑net lapkaŋd ə̑l'e
3SG:	lapkaŋdneže ə̑l'e	ə̑než lapkaŋd ə̑l'e
1PL:	lapkaŋdnena ə̑l'e	ə̑nena lapkaŋd ə̑l'e
2PL:	lapkaŋdneda ə̑l'e	ə̑neda lapkaŋd ə̑l'e
3PL:	lapkaŋdnešt ə̑l'e	ə̑nešt lapkaŋd ə̑l'e

Desiderative Past II

	Positive	Negative
1SG:	/	/
2SG:	lapkaŋdnet ulmaš	ə̑net lapkaŋd ulmaš
3SG:	lapkaŋdneže ulmaš	ə̑než lapkaŋd ulmaš
1PL:	/	/
2PL:	lapkaŋdneda ulmaš	ə̑neda lapkaŋd ulmaš
3PL:	lapkaŋdnešt ulmaš	ə̑nešt lapkaŋd ulmaš

Non-finite forms

Infinitive:	lapkaŋdaš
Necessitive infinitive:	lapkaŋdman
Active participle:	lapkaŋdše
Passive participle:	lapkaŋdme
Future-necessitive participle:	lapkaŋdšaš
Negative participle:	lapkaŋddə̑me
Affirmative instructive gerund:	lapkaŋdə̑n
Negative gerund:	lapkaŋdde
Gerund of prior action:	lapkaŋdmek(e)
Gerund of future action:	lapkaŋdmeš(ke)
Gerund of simultaneous action:	lapkaŋdšə̑la
Nominalization:	lapkaŋdmaš
Negative nominalization:	lapkaŋddə̑maš


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Last update: 10 August 2023