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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | mul'gam | om mul'g |
| 2SG: | mul'gat | ot mul'g |
| 3SG: | mul'geš | ok/ogeš mul'g |
| 1PL: | mul'gə̑na | ona/ogə̑na mul'g |
| 2PL: | mul'gə̑da | oda/ogə̑da mul'g |
| 3PL: | mul'gə̑t | ogə̑t mul'g |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | mul'gə̑m | šə̑m mul'g |
| 2SG: | mul'gə̑č́ | šə̑č́ mul'g |
| 3SG: | mul'go | ə̑š mul'g |
| 1PL: | mul'gna | ə̑šna mul'g |
| 2PL: | mul'gda | ə̑šda mul'g |
| 3PL: | mul'gə̑č́ | ə̑št mul'g |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | mul'gə̑nam | mul'gə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | mul'gə̑nat | mul'gə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | mul'gə̑n | mul'gə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | mul'gə̑nna | mul'gə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | mul'gə̑nda | mul'gə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | mul'gə̑nə̑t | mul'gə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | mul'gam ə̑l'e | om mul'g ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | mul'gat ə̑l'e | ot mul'g ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | mul'geš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš mul'g ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | mul'gə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na mul'g ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | mul'gə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da mul'g ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | mul'gə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t mul'g ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | mul'gam ulmaš | om mul'g ulmaš |
| 2SG: | mul'gat ulmaš | ot mul'g ulmaš |
| 3SG: | mul'geš ulmaš | ok/ogeš mul'g ulmaš |
| 1PL: | mul'gə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na mul'g ulmaš |
| 2PL: | mul'gə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da mul'g ulmaš |
| 3PL: | mul'gə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t mul'g ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | mul'gə̑nam ə̑l'e | mul'gə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | mul'gə̑nat ə̑l'e | mul'gə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | mul'gə̑n ə̑l'e | mul'gə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | mul'gə̑nna ə̑l'e | mul'gə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | mul'gə̑nda ə̑l'e | mul'gə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | mul'gə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | mul'gə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | mul'gə̑nam ulmaš | mul'gə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | mul'gə̑nat ulmaš | mul'gə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | mul'gə̑n ulmaš | mul'gə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | mul'gə̑nna ulmaš | mul'gə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | mul'gə̑nda ulmaš | mul'gə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | mul'gə̑nə̑t ulmaš | mul'gə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | mul'g | it mul'g |
| 3SG: | mul'gšo | ə̑nže mul'g |
| 1PL: | (mul'gə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na mul'g) |
| 2PL: | mul'gsa | ida mul'g |
| 3PL: | mul'gə̑št | ə̑nə̑št mul'g |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | mul'gnem | ə̑nem mul'g |
| 2SG: | mul'gnet | ə̑net mul'g |
| 3SG: | mul'gneže | ə̑než mul'g |
| 1PL: | mul'gnena | ə̑nena mul'g |
| 2PL: | mul'gneda | ə̑neda mul'g |
| 3PL: | mul'gnešt | ə̑nešt mul'g |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | mul'gnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem mul'g ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | mul'gnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net mul'g ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | mul'gneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než mul'g ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | mul'gnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena mul'g ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | mul'gneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda mul'g ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | mul'gnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt mul'g ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | mul'gnet ulmaš | ə̑net mul'g ulmaš |
| 3SG: | mul'gneže ulmaš | ə̑než mul'g ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | mul'gneda ulmaš | ə̑neda mul'g ulmaš |
| 3PL: | mul'gnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt mul'g ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | mul'gaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | mul'gman |
| Active participle: | mul'gšo |
| Passive participle: | mul'gmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | mul'gšaš |
| Negative participle: | mul'gdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | mul'gə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | mul'gde |
| Gerund of prior action: | mul'gmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | mul'gmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | mul'gšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | mul'gmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | mul'gdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||