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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ošmaŋdam | om ošmaŋd |
| 2SG: | ošmaŋdat | ot ošmaŋd |
| 3SG: | ošmaŋdeš | ok/ogeš ošmaŋd |
| 1PL: | ošmaŋdə̑na | ona/ogə̑na ošmaŋd |
| 2PL: | ošmaŋdə̑da | oda/ogə̑da ošmaŋd |
| 3PL: | ošmaŋdə̑t | ogə̑t ošmaŋd |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ošmaŋdə̑m | šə̑m ošmaŋd |
| 2SG: | ošmaŋdə̑č́ | šə̑č́ ošmaŋd |
| 3SG: | ošmaŋde | ə̑š ošmaŋd |
| 1PL: | ošmaŋdna | ə̑šna ošmaŋd |
| 2PL: | ošmaŋdda | ə̑šda ošmaŋd |
| 3PL: | ošmaŋdə̑č́ | ə̑št ošmaŋd |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ošmaŋdə̑nam | ošmaŋdə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | ošmaŋdə̑nat | ošmaŋdə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | ošmaŋdə̑n | ošmaŋdə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | ošmaŋdə̑nna | ošmaŋdə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | ošmaŋdə̑nda | ošmaŋdə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | ošmaŋdə̑nə̑t | ošmaŋdə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ošmaŋdam ə̑l'e | om ošmaŋd ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ošmaŋdat ə̑l'e | ot ošmaŋd ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ošmaŋdeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš ošmaŋd ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ošmaŋdə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na ošmaŋd ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ošmaŋdə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da ošmaŋd ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ošmaŋdə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t ošmaŋd ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ošmaŋdam ulmaš | om ošmaŋd ulmaš |
| 2SG: | ošmaŋdat ulmaš | ot ošmaŋd ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ošmaŋdeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš ošmaŋd ulmaš |
| 1PL: | ošmaŋdə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na ošmaŋd ulmaš |
| 2PL: | ošmaŋdə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da ošmaŋd ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ošmaŋdə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t ošmaŋd ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ošmaŋdə̑nam ə̑l'e | ošmaŋdə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ošmaŋdə̑nat ə̑l'e | ošmaŋdə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ošmaŋdə̑n ə̑l'e | ošmaŋdə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ošmaŋdə̑nna ə̑l'e | ošmaŋdə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ošmaŋdə̑nda ə̑l'e | ošmaŋdə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ošmaŋdə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | ošmaŋdə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ošmaŋdə̑nam ulmaš | ošmaŋdə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | ošmaŋdə̑nat ulmaš | ošmaŋdə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ošmaŋdə̑n ulmaš | ošmaŋdə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | ošmaŋdə̑nna ulmaš | ošmaŋdə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | ošmaŋdə̑nda ulmaš | ošmaŋdə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ošmaŋdə̑nə̑t ulmaš | ošmaŋdə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ošmaŋd | it ošmaŋd |
| 3SG: | ošmaŋdše | ə̑nže ošmaŋd |
| 1PL: | (ošmaŋdə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na ošmaŋd) |
| 2PL: | ošmaŋdsa | ida ošmaŋd |
| 3PL: | ošmaŋdə̑št | ə̑nə̑št ošmaŋd |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ošmaŋdnem | ə̑nem ošmaŋd |
| 2SG: | ošmaŋdnet | ə̑net ošmaŋd |
| 3SG: | ošmaŋdneže | ə̑než ošmaŋd |
| 1PL: | ošmaŋdnena | ə̑nena ošmaŋd |
| 2PL: | ošmaŋdneda | ə̑neda ošmaŋd |
| 3PL: | ošmaŋdnešt | ə̑nešt ošmaŋd |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ošmaŋdnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem ošmaŋd ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ošmaŋdnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net ošmaŋd ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ošmaŋdneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než ošmaŋd ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ošmaŋdnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena ošmaŋd ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ošmaŋdneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda ošmaŋd ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ošmaŋdnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt ošmaŋd ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ošmaŋdnet ulmaš | ə̑net ošmaŋd ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ošmaŋdneže ulmaš | ə̑než ošmaŋd ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ošmaŋdneda ulmaš | ə̑neda ošmaŋd ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ošmaŋdnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt ošmaŋd ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ošmaŋdaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ošmaŋdman |
| Active participle: | ošmaŋdše |
| Passive participle: | ošmaŋdme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ošmaŋdšaš |
| Negative participle: | ošmaŋddə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ošmaŋdə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | ošmaŋdde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ošmaŋdmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ošmaŋdmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ošmaŋdšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | ošmaŋdmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | ošmaŋddə̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||