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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkam | om pot͡ɕ |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkat | ot pot͡ɕ |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkeʃ | ok/ogeʃ pot͡ɕ |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkəna | ona/ogəna pot͡ɕ |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkəda | oda/ogəda pot͡ɕ |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkət | ogət pot͡ɕ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkəm | ʃəm pot͡ɕ |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ pot͡ɕ |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕko | əʃ pot͡ɕ |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕna | əʃna pot͡ɕ |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕda | əʃda pot͡ɕ |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkət͡ɕ | əʃt pot͡ɕ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkənam | pot͡ɕkən oməl |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkənat | pot͡ɕkən otəl |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkən | pot͡ɕkən ogəl |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkənːa | pot͡ɕkən onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkənda | pot͡ɕkən odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkənət | pot͡ɕkən ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkam əʎe | om pot͡ɕ əʎe |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkat əʎe | ot pot͡ɕ əʎe |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkeʃ əʎe | ok/ogeʃ pot͡ɕ əʎe |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkəna əʎe | ona/ogəna pot͡ɕ əʎe |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkəda əʎe | oda/ogəda pot͡ɕ əʎe |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkət əʎe | ogət pot͡ɕ əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkam ulmaʃ | om pot͡ɕ ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkat ulmaʃ | ot pot͡ɕ ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkeʃ ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ pot͡ɕ ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkəna ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna pot͡ɕ ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkəda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda pot͡ɕ ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkət ulmaʃ | ogət pot͡ɕ ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkənam əʎe | pot͡ɕkən oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkənat əʎe | pot͡ɕkən otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkən əʎe | pot͡ɕkən ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkənːa əʎe | pot͡ɕkən onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkənda əʎe | pot͡ɕkən odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkənət əʎe | pot͡ɕkən ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkənam ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕkən oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkənat ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕkən otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkən ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕkən ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkənːa ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕkən onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkənda ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕkən odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkənət ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕkən ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕ | it pot͡ɕ |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕʃo | ənʒe pot͡ɕ |
| 1PL: | (pot͡ɕkəna) | (ona/ogəna pot͡ɕ) |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕsa | ida pot͡ɕ |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkəʃt | ənəʃt pot͡ɕ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕnem | ənem pot͡ɕ |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕnet | ənet pot͡ɕ |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕneʒe | əneʒ pot͡ɕ |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕnena | ənena pot͡ɕ |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕneda | əneda pot͡ɕ |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕneʃt | əneʃt pot͡ɕ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕnem əʎe | ənem pot͡ɕ əʎe |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕnena əʎe | ənet pot͡ɕ əʎe |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕneʒe əʎe | əneʒ pot͡ɕ əʎe |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕnena əʎe | ənena pot͡ɕ əʎe |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕneda əʎe | əneda pot͡ɕ əʎe |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕneʃt əʎe | əneʃt pot͡ɕ əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕnet ulmaʃ | ənet pot͡ɕ ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ pot͡ɕ ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕneda ulmaʃ | əneda pot͡ɕ ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt pot͡ɕ ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | pot͡ɕkaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | pot͡ɕman |
| Active participle: | pot͡ɕʃo |
| Passive participle: | pot͡ɕmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | pot͡ɕʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | pot͡ɕdəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | pot͡ɕkən |
| Negative gerund: | pot͡ɕde |
| Gerund of prior action: | pot͡ɕmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | pot͡ɕmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | pot͡ɕʃəla |
| Nominalization: | pot͡ɕmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | pot͡ɕdəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||