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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolam | om tol |
| 2SG: | tolat | ot tol |
| 3SG: | toleš | ok/ogeš tol |
| 1PL: | tolə̑na | ona/ogə̑na tol |
| 2PL: | tolə̑da | oda/ogə̑da tol |
| 3PL: | tolə̑t | ogə̑t tol |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tol'ə̑m | šə̑m tol |
| 2SG: | tol'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ tol |
| 3SG: | tol'o | ə̑š tol |
| 1PL: | tolna | ə̑šna tol |
| 2PL: | tolda | ə̑šda tol |
| 3PL: | tol'ə̑č́ | ə̑št tol |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolə̑nam | tolə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | tolə̑nat | tolə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | tolə̑n | tolə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | tolə̑nna | tolə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | tolə̑nda | tolə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | tolə̑nə̑t | tolə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolam ə̑l'e | om tol ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tolat ə̑l'e | ot tol ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | toleš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš tol ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tolə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na tol ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tolə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da tol ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tolə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t tol ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolam ulmaš | om tol ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tolat ulmaš | ot tol ulmaš |
| 3SG: | toleš ulmaš | ok/ogeš tol ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tolə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na tol ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tolə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da tol ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tolə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t tol ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolə̑nam ə̑l'e | tolə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tolə̑nat ə̑l'e | tolə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tolə̑n ə̑l'e | tolə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tolə̑nna ə̑l'e | tolə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tolə̑nda ə̑l'e | tolə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tolə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | tolə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolə̑nam ulmaš | tolə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tolə̑nat ulmaš | tolə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tolə̑n ulmaš | tolə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tolə̑nna ulmaš | tolə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tolə̑nda ulmaš | tolə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tolə̑nə̑t ulmaš | tolə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tol | it tol |
| 3SG: | tolžo | ə̑nže tol |
| 1PL: | (tolə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na tol) |
| 2PL: | tolza | ida tol |
| 3PL: | tolə̑št | ə̑nə̑št tol |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolnem | ə̑nem tol |
| 2SG: | tolnet | ə̑net tol |
| 3SG: | tolneže | ə̑než tol |
| 1PL: | tolnena | ə̑nena tol |
| 2PL: | tolneda | ə̑neda tol |
| 3PL: | tolnešt | ə̑nešt tol |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem tol ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tolnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net tol ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tolneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než tol ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tolnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena tol ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tolneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda tol ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tolnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt tol ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tolnet ulmaš | ə̑net tol ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tolneže ulmaš | ə̑než tol ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | tolneda ulmaš | ə̑neda tol ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tolnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt tol ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | tolaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | tolman |
| Active participle: | tolšo |
| Passive participle: | tolmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | tolšaš |
| Negative participle: | toldə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | tolə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | tolde |
| Gerund of prior action: | tolmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | tolmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | tolšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | tolmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | toldə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||