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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolkə̑naŋdam | om tolkə̑naŋd |
| 2SG: | tolkə̑naŋdat | ot tolkə̑naŋd |
| 3SG: | tolkə̑naŋdeš | ok/ogeš tolkə̑naŋd |
| 1PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑na | ona/ogə̑na tolkə̑naŋd |
| 2PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑da | oda/ogə̑da tolkə̑naŋd |
| 3PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑t | ogə̑t tolkə̑naŋd |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑m | šə̑m tolkə̑naŋd |
| 2SG: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑č́ | šə̑č́ tolkə̑naŋd |
| 3SG: | tolkə̑naŋde | ə̑š tolkə̑naŋd |
| 1PL: | tolkə̑naŋdna | ə̑šna tolkə̑naŋd |
| 2PL: | tolkə̑naŋdda | ə̑šda tolkə̑naŋd |
| 3PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑č́ | ə̑št tolkə̑naŋd |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑nam | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑nat | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑nna | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑nda | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑nə̑t | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolkə̑naŋdam ə̑l'e | om tolkə̑naŋd ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tolkə̑naŋdat ə̑l'e | ot tolkə̑naŋd ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tolkə̑naŋdeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš tolkə̑naŋd ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na tolkə̑naŋd ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da tolkə̑naŋd ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t tolkə̑naŋd ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolkə̑naŋdam ulmaš | om tolkə̑naŋd ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tolkə̑naŋdat ulmaš | ot tolkə̑naŋd ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tolkə̑naŋdeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš tolkə̑naŋd ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na tolkə̑naŋd ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da tolkə̑naŋd ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t tolkə̑naŋd ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑nam ə̑l'e | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑nat ə̑l'e | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n ə̑l'e | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑nna ə̑l'e | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑nda ə̑l'e | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑nam ulmaš | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑nat ulmaš | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n ulmaš | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑nna ulmaš | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑nda ulmaš | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑nə̑t ulmaš | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tolkə̑naŋd | it tolkə̑naŋd |
| 3SG: | tolkə̑naŋdše | ə̑nže tolkə̑naŋd |
| 1PL: | (tolkə̑naŋdə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na tolkə̑naŋd) |
| 2PL: | tolkə̑naŋdsa | ida tolkə̑naŋd |
| 3PL: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑št | ə̑nə̑št tolkə̑naŋd |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolkə̑naŋdnem | ə̑nem tolkə̑naŋd |
| 2SG: | tolkə̑naŋdnet | ə̑net tolkə̑naŋd |
| 3SG: | tolkə̑naŋdneže | ə̑než tolkə̑naŋd |
| 1PL: | tolkə̑naŋdnena | ə̑nena tolkə̑naŋd |
| 2PL: | tolkə̑naŋdneda | ə̑neda tolkə̑naŋd |
| 3PL: | tolkə̑naŋdnešt | ə̑nešt tolkə̑naŋd |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tolkə̑naŋdnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem tolkə̑naŋd ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tolkə̑naŋdnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net tolkə̑naŋd ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tolkə̑naŋdneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než tolkə̑naŋd ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tolkə̑naŋdnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena tolkə̑naŋd ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tolkə̑naŋdneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda tolkə̑naŋd ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tolkə̑naŋdnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt tolkə̑naŋd ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tolkə̑naŋdnet ulmaš | ə̑net tolkə̑naŋd ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tolkə̑naŋdneže ulmaš | ə̑než tolkə̑naŋd ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | tolkə̑naŋdneda ulmaš | ə̑neda tolkə̑naŋd ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tolkə̑naŋdnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt tolkə̑naŋd ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | tolkə̑naŋdaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | tolkə̑naŋdman |
| Active participle: | tolkə̑naŋdše |
| Passive participle: | tolkə̑naŋdme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | tolkə̑naŋdšaš |
| Negative participle: | tolkə̑naŋddə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | tolkə̑naŋdə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | tolkə̑naŋdde |
| Gerund of prior action: | tolkə̑naŋdmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | tolkə̑naŋdmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | tolkə̑naŋdšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | tolkə̑naŋdmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | tolkə̑naŋddə̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||