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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́ökam | om č́ök |
| 2SG: | č́ökat | ot č́ök |
| 3SG: | č́ökeš | ok/ogeš č́ök |
| 1PL: | č́ökə̑na | ona/ogə̑na č́ök |
| 2PL: | č́ökə̑da | oda/ogə̑da č́ök |
| 3PL: | č́ökə̑t | ogə̑t č́ök |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́ökə̑m | šə̑m č́ök |
| 2SG: | č́ökə̑č́ | šə̑č́ č́ök |
| 3SG: | č́ökö | ə̑š č́ök |
| 1PL: | č́ökna | ə̑šna č́ök |
| 2PL: | č́ökda | ə̑šda č́ök |
| 3PL: | č́ökə̑č́ | ə̑št č́ök |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́ökə̑nam | č́ökə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | č́ökə̑nat | č́ökə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | č́ökə̑n | č́ökə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | č́ökə̑nna | č́ökə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | č́ökə̑nda | č́ökə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | č́ökə̑nə̑t | č́ökə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́ökam ə̑l'e | om č́ök ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́ökat ə̑l'e | ot č́ök ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́ökeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš č́ök ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́ökə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na č́ök ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́ökə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da č́ök ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́ökə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t č́ök ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́ökam ulmaš | om č́ök ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́ökat ulmaš | ot č́ök ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́ökeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš č́ök ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́ökə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na č́ök ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́ökə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da č́ök ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́ökə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t č́ök ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́ökə̑nam ə̑l'e | č́ökə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́ökə̑nat ə̑l'e | č́ökə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́ökə̑n ə̑l'e | č́ökə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́ökə̑nna ə̑l'e | č́ökə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́ökə̑nda ə̑l'e | č́ökə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́ökə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | č́ökə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́ökə̑nam ulmaš | č́ökə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́ökə̑nat ulmaš | č́ökə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́ökə̑n ulmaš | č́ökə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́ökə̑nna ulmaš | č́ökə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́ökə̑nda ulmaš | č́ökə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́ökə̑nə̑t ulmaš | č́ökə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́ök | it č́ök |
| 3SG: | č́ökšö | ə̑nže č́ök |
| 1PL: | (č́ökə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na č́ök) |
| 2PL: | č́öksa | ida č́ök |
| 3PL: | č́ökə̑št | ə̑nə̑št č́ök |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́öknem | ə̑nem č́ök |
| 2SG: | č́öknet | ə̑net č́ök |
| 3SG: | č́ökneže | ə̑než č́ök |
| 1PL: | č́öknena | ə̑nena č́ök |
| 2PL: | č́ökneda | ə̑neda č́ök |
| 3PL: | č́öknešt | ə̑nešt č́ök |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́öknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem č́ök ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́öknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net č́ök ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́ökneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než č́ök ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́öknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena č́ök ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́ökneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda č́ök ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́öknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt č́ök ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́öknet ulmaš | ə̑net č́ök ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́ökneže ulmaš | ə̑než č́ök ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | č́ökneda ulmaš | ə̑neda č́ök ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́öknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt č́ök ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | č́ökaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | č́ökman |
| Active participle: | č́ökšö |
| Passive participle: | č́ökmö |
| Future-necessitive participle: | č́ökšaš |
| Negative participle: | č́ökdə̑mö |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | č́ökə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | č́ökde |
| Gerund of prior action: | č́ökmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | č́ökmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | č́ökšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | č́ökmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | č́ökdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||