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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́üktam | om č́ük |
| 2SG: | č́üktat | ot č́ük |
| 3SG: | č́ükteš | ok/ogeš č́ük |
| 1PL: | č́üktə̑na | ona/ogə̑na č́ük |
| 2PL: | č́üktə̑da | oda/ogə̑da č́ük |
| 3PL: | č́üktə̑t | ogə̑t č́ük |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́üktə̑m | šə̑m č́ük |
| 2SG: | č́üktə̑č́ | šə̑č́ č́ük |
| 3SG: | č́üktö | ə̑š č́ük |
| 1PL: | č́ükna | ə̑šna č́ük |
| 2PL: | č́ükda | ə̑šda č́ük |
| 3PL: | č́üktə̑č́ | ə̑št č́ük |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́üktə̑nam | č́üktə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | č́üktə̑nat | č́üktə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | č́üktə̑n | č́üktə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | č́üktə̑nna | č́üktə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | č́üktə̑nda | č́üktə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | č́üktə̑nə̑t | č́üktə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́üktam ə̑l'e | om č́ük ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́üktat ə̑l'e | ot č́ük ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́ükteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš č́ük ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́üktə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na č́ük ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́üktə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da č́ük ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́üktə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t č́ük ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́üktam ulmaš | om č́ük ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́üktat ulmaš | ot č́ük ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́ükteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš č́ük ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́üktə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na č́ük ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́üktə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da č́ük ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́üktə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t č́ük ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́üktə̑nam ə̑l'e | č́üktə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́üktə̑nat ə̑l'e | č́üktə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́üktə̑n ə̑l'e | č́üktə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́üktə̑nna ə̑l'e | č́üktə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́üktə̑nda ə̑l'e | č́üktə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́üktə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | č́üktə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́üktə̑nam ulmaš | č́üktə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́üktə̑nat ulmaš | č́üktə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́üktə̑n ulmaš | č́üktə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́üktə̑nna ulmaš | č́üktə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́üktə̑nda ulmaš | č́üktə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́üktə̑nə̑t ulmaš | č́üktə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́ük | it č́ük |
| 3SG: | č́ükšö | ə̑nže č́ük |
| 1PL: | (č́üktə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na č́ük) |
| 2PL: | č́üksa | ida č́ük |
| 3PL: | č́üktə̑št | ə̑nə̑št č́ük |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́üknem | ə̑nem č́ük |
| 2SG: | č́üknet | ə̑net č́ük |
| 3SG: | č́ükneže | ə̑než č́ük |
| 1PL: | č́üknena | ə̑nena č́ük |
| 2PL: | č́ükneda | ə̑neda č́ük |
| 3PL: | č́üknešt | ə̑nešt č́ük |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́üknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem č́ük ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́üknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net č́ük ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́ükneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než č́ük ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́üknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena č́ük ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́ükneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda č́ük ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́üknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt č́ük ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́üknet ulmaš | ə̑net č́ük ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́ükneže ulmaš | ə̑než č́ük ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | č́ükneda ulmaš | ə̑neda č́ük ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́üknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt č́ük ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | č́üktaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | č́ükman |
| Active participle: | č́ükšö |
| Passive participle: | č́ükmö |
| Future-necessitive participle: | č́ükšaš |
| Negative participle: | č́ükdə̑mö |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | č́üktə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | č́ükde |
| Gerund of prior action: | č́ükmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | č́ükmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | č́ükšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | č́ükmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | č́ükdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||