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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šaβam | om šaβ |
| 2SG: | šaβat | ot šaβ |
| 3SG: | šaβeš | ok/ogeš šaβ |
| 1PL: | šaβə̑na | ona/ogə̑na šaβ |
| 2PL: | šaβə̑da | oda/ogə̑da šaβ |
| 3PL: | šaβə̑t | ogə̑t šaβ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šaβə̑m | šə̑m šaβ |
| 2SG: | šaβə̑č́ | šə̑č́ šaβ |
| 3SG: | šaβe | ə̑š šaβ |
| 1PL: | šaβna | ə̑šna šaβ |
| 2PL: | šaβda | ə̑šda šaβ |
| 3PL: | šaβə̑č́ | ə̑št šaβ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šaβə̑nam | šaβə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | šaβə̑nat | šaβə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | šaβə̑n | šaβə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | šaβə̑nna | šaβə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | šaβə̑nda | šaβə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | šaβə̑nə̑t | šaβə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šaβam ə̑l'e | om šaβ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šaβat ə̑l'e | ot šaβ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šaβeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš šaβ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šaβə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na šaβ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šaβə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da šaβ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šaβə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t šaβ ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šaβam ulmaš | om šaβ ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šaβat ulmaš | ot šaβ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šaβeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš šaβ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šaβə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na šaβ ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šaβə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da šaβ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šaβə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t šaβ ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šaβə̑nam ə̑l'e | šaβə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šaβə̑nat ə̑l'e | šaβə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šaβə̑n ə̑l'e | šaβə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šaβə̑nna ə̑l'e | šaβə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šaβə̑nda ə̑l'e | šaβə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šaβə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | šaβə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šaβə̑nam ulmaš | šaβə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šaβə̑nat ulmaš | šaβə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šaβə̑n ulmaš | šaβə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šaβə̑nna ulmaš | šaβə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šaβə̑nda ulmaš | šaβə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šaβə̑nə̑t ulmaš | šaβə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šaβ | it šaβ |
| 3SG: | šaβše | ə̑nže šaβ |
| 1PL: | (šaβə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na šaβ) |
| 2PL: | šaβsa | ida šaβ |
| 3PL: | šaβə̑št | ə̑nə̑št šaβ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šaβnem | ə̑nem šaβ |
| 2SG: | šaβnet | ə̑net šaβ |
| 3SG: | šaβneže | ə̑než šaβ |
| 1PL: | šaβnena | ə̑nena šaβ |
| 2PL: | šaβneda | ə̑neda šaβ |
| 3PL: | šaβnešt | ə̑nešt šaβ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šaβnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem šaβ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šaβnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net šaβ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šaβneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než šaβ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šaβnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena šaβ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šaβneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda šaβ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šaβnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt šaβ ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šaβnet ulmaš | ə̑net šaβ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šaβneže ulmaš | ə̑než šaβ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | šaβneda ulmaš | ə̑neda šaβ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šaβnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt šaβ ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | šaβaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | šaβman |
| Active participle: | šaβše |
| Passive participle: | šaβme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | šaβšaš |
| Negative participle: | šaβdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | šaβə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | šaβde |
| Gerund of prior action: | šaβmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | šaβmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | šaβšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | šaβmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | šaβdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||