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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šarkalam | om šarkal |
| 2SG: | šarkalat | ot šarkal |
| 3SG: | šarkaleš | ok/ogeš šarkal |
| 1PL: | šarkalə̑na | ona/ogə̑na šarkal |
| 2PL: | šarkalə̑da | oda/ogə̑da šarkal |
| 3PL: | šarkalə̑t | ogə̑t šarkal |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šarkal'ə̑m | šə̑m šarkal |
| 2SG: | šarkal'ə̑č́ | šə̑č́ šarkal |
| 3SG: | šarkal'e | ə̑š šarkal |
| 1PL: | šarkalna | ə̑šna šarkal |
| 2PL: | šarkalda | ə̑šda šarkal |
| 3PL: | šarkal'ə̑č́ | ə̑št šarkal |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šarkalə̑nam | šarkalə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | šarkalə̑nat | šarkalə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | šarkalə̑n | šarkalə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | šarkalə̑nna | šarkalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | šarkalə̑nda | šarkalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | šarkalə̑nə̑t | šarkalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šarkalam ə̑l'e | om šarkal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šarkalat ə̑l'e | ot šarkal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šarkaleš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš šarkal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šarkalə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na šarkal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šarkalə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da šarkal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šarkalə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t šarkal ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šarkalam ulmaš | om šarkal ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šarkalat ulmaš | ot šarkal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šarkaleš ulmaš | ok/ogeš šarkal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šarkalə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na šarkal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šarkalə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da šarkal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šarkalə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t šarkal ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šarkalə̑nam ə̑l'e | šarkalə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šarkalə̑nat ə̑l'e | šarkalə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šarkalə̑n ə̑l'e | šarkalə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šarkalə̑nna ə̑l'e | šarkalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šarkalə̑nda ə̑l'e | šarkalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šarkalə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | šarkalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šarkalə̑nam ulmaš | šarkalə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | šarkalə̑nat ulmaš | šarkalə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šarkalə̑n ulmaš | šarkalə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | šarkalə̑nna ulmaš | šarkalə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | šarkalə̑nda ulmaš | šarkalə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šarkalə̑nə̑t ulmaš | šarkalə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šarkal | it šarkal |
| 3SG: | šarkalže | ə̑nže šarkal |
| 1PL: | (šarkalə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na šarkal) |
| 2PL: | šarkalza | ida šarkal |
| 3PL: | šarkalə̑št | ə̑nə̑št šarkal |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šarkalnem | ə̑nem šarkal |
| 2SG: | šarkalnet | ə̑net šarkal |
| 3SG: | šarkalneže | ə̑než šarkal |
| 1PL: | šarkalnena | ə̑nena šarkal |
| 2PL: | šarkalneda | ə̑neda šarkal |
| 3PL: | šarkalnešt | ə̑nešt šarkal |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | šarkalnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem šarkal ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | šarkalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net šarkal ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | šarkalneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než šarkal ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | šarkalnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena šarkal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | šarkalneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda šarkal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | šarkalnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt šarkal ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | šarkalnet ulmaš | ə̑net šarkal ulmaš |
| 3SG: | šarkalneže ulmaš | ə̑než šarkal ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | šarkalneda ulmaš | ə̑neda šarkal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | šarkalnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt šarkal ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | šarkalaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | šarkalman |
| Active participle: | šarkalše |
| Passive participle: | šarkalme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | šarkalšaš |
| Negative participle: | šarkaldə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | šarkalə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | šarkalde |
| Gerund of prior action: | šarkalmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | šarkalmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | šarkalšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | šarkalmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | šarkaldə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||